Analisis Pengaruh Beban Lalu Lintas terhadap Kondisi Fungsional Perkerasan Jalan (Studi Kasus: Jalan Kaliurang dan Jalan Palagan Tentara Pelajar)

FAHMI MUHAMMAD GIBRAN, Ir. Mukhammad Rizka Fahmi Amrozi S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2024 | Skripsi | TEKNIK SIPIL

Jaringan jalan sangat penting bagi keberlanjutan transportasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun, kualitas jalan menurun seiring waktu, terutama karena beban gandar kumulatif lalu lintas rencana tercapai lebih dini dibanding umur rencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi fungsional perkerasan jalan akibat pengaruh beban lalu lintas dengan menggunakan ruas Jalan Kaliurang dan Jalan Palagan Tentara Pelajar sebagai studi kasus.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pavement Condition Index (PCI) dan International Roughness Index (IRI) untuk menganalisis kondisi perkerasan jalan. Untuk perhitungan beban lalu lintas, dihitung menggunakan metode PD-T-05-2005-b. Parameter yang dipertimbangkan adalah nilai Cummulative Equivalent Single Axle Load (CESAL) dan persentase komposisi kendaraat berat. 

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai CESAL memberikan pengaruh terhadap indeks perkerasan PCI sebesar 100% melalui nilai R2 polinomial dan sebesar 97,12% melalui nilai R2 linear, sedangkan faktor persentase komposisi kendaraan berat memberikan pengaruh dengan menurunkan indeks perkerasan PCI apabila persentase kendaraan berat semakin tinggi. Selain itu, diketahui bahwa terdapat cara lain dari beban lalu lintas untuk memengaruhi kondisi perkerasan, yaitu tata guna lahan, keberadaan simpang, dan kemiringan gradien lajur. Terdapat dua belas jenis kerusakan yang terjadi pada ruas jalan sampel. Namun, terdapat tiga jenis kerusakan yang memiliki tipikal tertinggi, yaitu Lane/Shoulder Drop Off, Weathering and Raveling, dan Alligator Cracking. Rekomendasi perbaikan dibagi menjadi tiga kategori, yaitu Routine Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, dan Rehabilitation dengan metode yang disesuaikan berdasarkan kondisi kerusakan.

The road network is crucial for the sustainability of transportation and economic growth. However, road quality deteriorates over time, mainly because the cumulative axle load (CESAL) of planned traffic is reached earlier than the planned lifespan. This study aims to analyze the functional condition of road pavement due to the impact of traffic load, using Jalan Kaliurang and Jalan Palagan Tentara Pelajar as case studies.

This study uses the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and International Roughness Index (IRI) methods to analyze the condition of road pavement. For traffic load calculations, the PD-T-05-2005-b method was used. The parameters considered include the CESAL and percentage of heavy vehicle composition.

Research results show that the CESAL value has a 100% impact on the PCI pavement index through the polynomial R2value and 97.12% through the linear R2value. Meanwhile, the percentage composition of heavy vehicles influences by decreasing the PCI pavement index as the percentage of heavy vehicles increases. Additionally, it is known that there are other ways for traffic loads to affect pavement conditions, such as land use, the presence of intersections, and lane gradient slopes. There are twelve types of damage occurring on the sample road sections. However, there are three types of damage with the highest incidence, namely Lane/Shoulder Drop Off, Weathering and Raveling, and Alligator Cracking. Repair recommendations are divided into three categories: Routine Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Rehabilitation, with methods adjusted based on the condition of the damage.

Kata Kunci : Performa Perkerasan Jalan, Jenis Kerusakan Jalan, PCI, CESAL, Metode Penanganan Kerusakan Jalan/Pavement Performance, Types of Road Damage, PCI, CESAL, Road Damage Handling Method