Pengaruh Perbedaan Posisi Ketinggian Bambu dan Konsentrasi Perekat Pada Kualitas Briket Arang Bambu Kapal (Gigantochloa Scortechinii Gamble.)
MARTIN LAMANO SILALAHI, Dr. Ir. Johanes Pramana Gentur Sutapa, M.Sc.Forest.Trop
2024 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN
Kapal bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii Gamble.) is a bamboo that grows in Sumatra (especially in Bengkulu and Jambi), Peninsular Malaysia, and Southern Thailand. Kapal bamboo has a rapid growth and invasiveness, causing kapal bamboo is not used effectively. This research aims to process and utilize kapal bamboo into a form of biomass in the form of charcoal briquettes.
Kapal bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii Gamble.) was obtained from PT Restorasi Ekosistem Indonesia (REKI)’s concession, namely in the Jerat River on the border of Jambi and South Sumatra Provinces. This study used a Completely Randomized Sampling design with two treatment factors, namely bamboo height position (1-2,67 m; 2,67-5,34 m; 5,34-8 m) and tapioca adhesive concentration (4%, 6%, 8%) with three replications each. The carbonization process of kapal bamboo used a retort with a temperature of 400°C for 3 hours. Then, charcoal briquettes were made by hydraulic felts with a pressure of 2500 psi for 15 minutes and dried until reached air dry (12-15%). The resulting charcoal briquettes were tested to measure the physical properties (moisture content, specific gravity, and calorific value) and chemical properties (ash content, volatile matter content, and carbon content).
The research results showed that the charcoal briquettes produced had the following properties: water content 6,96-7,71%; specific gravity 0,75-0,80; calorific value 6.856,67-7.053,33 cal/g; ash content 3,36-3,97%; volatile matter content 20,43-25,37%; carbon content 70,81-76,19%. The best quality of charcoal briquette was obtained in with the material combination of the middle part of the bamboo culm and the amount of adhesive 4% which produced charcoal briquettes specifications of moisture content of 7,21%; specific gravity 0,80; calorific value 7.053,33 cal/g; ash content 3,39%; volatile matter content 20,43%; carbon content 76,19%. The charcoal briquette properties result has met several standards, such as SNI, Japanese, British, and American.
Kata Kunci : bambu kapal, briket arang, sifat fisika, sifat kimia.