Kesejahteraan Guru Muda Melalui Photo-elicitation

AUDREY SHAFIA DWINANDITA, Bahruddin, S. Sos., M.Sc., PhD

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU SOSIATRI

Saat ini fenomena pendidikan dan kesejahteraan guru muda masih menjadi sorotan publik. Mengetahui tantangan yang dihadapi oleh guru dan dampaknya terhadap kesejahteraan mereka adalah langkah penting untuk memahami kondisi pendidikan di suatu negara. Penelitian berbasis photo-elicitation memberikan kesempatan kepada guru untuk memiliki suara yang kuat dalam penelitian tentang kesejahteraan mereka. Dengan memotret dan menceritakan pengalaman mereka, guru muda dapat mengungkapkan kesejahteraan mereka dengan cara visual yang sulit dilakukan melalui kata-kata saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat tema-tema yang muncul dari persepsi guru muda Indonesia mengenai kesejahteraan yang dieksplorasi melalui metode photo-elicitation, serta sejauh mana tema-tema yang muncul sejalan dengan enam perspektif kesejahteraan Fitzpatrick yaitu kebahagiaan, keamanan, preferensi, kebutuhan, ganjaran, dan perbandingan relatif. Metode yang dipakai penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan photo-elicitation. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dokumentasi foto, wawancara dengan 8 informan guru, serta observasi foto. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik, dan dalam menguji keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini digunakan triangulasi teknik. Analisis data menggunakan wawancara kolaboratif, penyusunan data, pemberian kode pada data, analisis terstruktur, analisis rinci, analisis interpretatif, pembuatan tema, dan penyusunan temuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat delapan tema utama yang muncul dari photo-elicitation para guru yang terlibat, enam tema sesuai dengan teori Fitzpatrick, serta dua tema yang tidak termasuk yaitu kohesi sosial dan religiusitas. Urutan tema yang muncul berdasar frekuensi dalam foto sebagai berikut: 1. kebutuhan (35 kali) 2. preferensi (30 kali), 3. keamanan (26 kali), 4. perbandingan relatif (21 kali), 5. kohesi sosial (17 kali), 6. kebahagiaan (15 kali), 7. ganjaran (12 kali), dan 8. religiusitas (6 kali).

The phenomenon of education and the welfare of young teachers is still in the public spotlight. Knowing the challenges faced by teachers and their impact on their well-being is an important step to understanding the state of education in a country. Photo-elicitation based research provides teachers the opportunity to amplify their voice in research about their well-being. By photographing and narrating their experiences, young teachers can express their well-being in a visual way that is difficult to express through words alone. This research aims to find the themes that emerge from the perceptions of young Indonesian teachers regarding their well-being, which are explored through the photo-elicitation method. Secondly, the aim extents to explain how the themes are in line with Fitzpatrick's six perspectives of well-being, which are happiness, security, preferences, needs, rewards, and relative comparisons. The method used in this research is qualitative with a photo-elicitation approach. Data collection was carried out using photo documentation, interviews with 8 teacher informants, and photo observation. This research uses thematic analysis technique, and technique triangulation to test the validity of the data in this research. Data analysis process in this research involved collaborative interviews, data compilation, coding the data, structured analysis, detailed analysis, interpretive analysis, creating themes, and compiling findings. The research results showed that there were eight main themes that emerged from the photo-elicitation of the teachers, six themes in accordance with Fitzpatrick's theory, as well as two themes that were not included, namely social cohesion and religiosity. The order of themes that appear based on frequency in photos is as follows: 1. needs (35 times) 2. preferences (30 times), 3. security (26 times), 4. relative comparison (21 times), 5. social cohesion (17 times), 6. happiness (15 times), 7. desert (12 times), and 8. religiosity (6 times).

Kata Kunci : kesejahteraan guru, guru muda, photo-elicitation