Stagnasi Reintegrasi Mantan Tentara Anak di Liberia di Bawah Presiden Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

FELISITAS CAHYA DINI KARISA, Dr. Ririn Tri Nurhayati

2024 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Penelitian ini menunjukkan tentang fenomena reintegrasi mantan tentara anak di Liberia. Perang sipil di Liberia tahún 1989 hinca 2004 telah melibatkan banyak tentara anak. Dalam kondisi perang, anak-anak seharusnya merupakan subjek yang dilindungi sehingga penggunaan anak sebagai kombatan merupakan praktik kejahatan kemanusiaan. Sementara itu, reintegrasi merupakan langkah yang penting karena melalui reintegrasi, para mantan tentara anak dikembalikan ke dalam masyarakat dan menjalani hidup sebagai warga sipil.  Reintegrasi sendiri mencangkup tiga aspek, yakni ekonomi, sosial, dan politik. Melalui tata kelola pemerintahan yang berorientasi pada binadamai liberal, penelitian ini membedah bagaimana kebijakan terkait reintegrasi ekonomi membayangi reintegrasi sosial sehingga reintegrasi mantan tentara anak tidak dapat berjalan secara optimal. 

This research examines the process of reintegrating former child soldiers in Liberia, a nation deeply scarred by a civil war that spanned from 1989 to 2004 and saw the widespread use of child combatants. the exploitation of children as soldiers is recognized internationally as a crime against humanity, emphasizing the need for their protection during conflicts. On the other hand, reintegration is necessary process involving economic, social, and political dimensions. Through reintegration, former child soldiers are returned to society as civilians. This study analyzed how governance through liberal peace building policies, which often emphasize economic reintegration, tend to overshadow the equally crucial social reintegration efforts. As a result, the holistic reintegration of former child soldiers is impeded, highlighting the need for more balanced and comprehensive approaches. 

Kata Kunci : Liberia, binadamai, peacebuilding, reintegrasi, reintegration, entara anak, child soldiers