Integrasi Edukasi Cagar Budaya Sangiran Ke Dalam Kurikulum Sekolah Dasar Di Kawasan Cagar Budaya Sangiran

Rindy Gita Wahyuni, Dr. Daud Aris Tanudirjo, M.A.

2024 | Tesis | S2 Arkeologi

Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Sangiran memerlukan partisipasi aktif masyarakat lokal, yang dapat dicapai melalui edukasi dini mengenai nilai penting Sangiran. Untuk mewujudkan edukasi yang berkelanjutan dan merata, integrasi ke dalam kurikulum sekolah sangat penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1. Mengidentifikasi langkah konkret untuk memasukkan edukasi cagar budaya Sangiran ke dalam kurikulum sekolah dasar; 2. Membangun model sistematis sebagai prosedur integrasi edukasi cagar budaya di tingkat Sekolah Dasar, yang dapat diterapkan di sekolah lain di luar Kawasan Sangiran dan pada jenjang pendidikan lebih tinggi; dan 3. Menghasilkan contoh integrasi edukasi cagar budaya Sangiran ke dalam kurikulum sekolah dasar di Kawasan Sangiran.  

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah grounded theory. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa integrasi edukasi cagar budaya Sangiran ke dalam kurikulum memerlukan pemahaman menyeluruh tentang berbagai faktor pendidikan, termasuk karakteristik sekolah (fasilitas, kurikulum, pengetahuan dasar siswa dan guru tentang cagar budaya), karakteristik peserta didik (aspek kognitif, emosional, dan sosial, serta motivasi belajar), faktor penentu keberhasilan pembelajaran (peserta didik, pengajar, proses pembelajaran), metode pembelajaran efektif (model pasif dan aktif),  pengembangan program edukasi cagar budaya sangiran, dan cara mengintegrasikannya ke dalam kurikulum.  

Model yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini disebut EPIC-SMART, yang terdiri dari dua tahap utama: persiapan (Evaluasi, Perumusan konsep, Identifikasi metode, dan Coba integrasi) dan implementasi (Seleksi mata pelajaran, Menentukan peserta didik, Atur tujuan, Rumuskan materi, dan Tentukan metode pembelajaran). Model EPIC-SMART berhasil menghasilkan contoh integrasi materi edukasi cagar budaya Sangiran dengan materi IPAS Kelas 4 SD, mencakup enam topik dengan 14 sub-topik. 

The preservation of the Sangiran Cultural Heritage requires active participation from the local community, which can be achieved through early education on the significance of Sangiran. To ensure sustainable and equitable education, integrating it into the school curriculum is crucial. This research aims to: 1. Identify concrete steps to incorporate Sangiran cultural heritage education into the elementary school curriculum; 2. Develop a systematic model as a procedure for integrating cultural heritage education at the elementary school level, which can be applied to other schools outside the Sangiran area and at higher levels of education both within and outside the Sangiran area; and 3. Produce an example of integrating Sangiran cultural heritage education into the elementary school curriculum in the Sangiran area. 

The research method used is grounded theory. This study finds that integrating Sangiran cultural heritage education into the curriculum requires a comprehensive understanding of various educational factors, including school characteristics (facilities, curriculum, basic knowledge of students and teachers about cultural heritage), student characteristics (cognitive, emotional, and social aspects, as well as learning motivation), key factors for successful learning (students, teachers, learning processes), effective learning methods (passive and active models), development of Sangiran cultural heritage education programs, and ways to integrate it into the school curriculum. 

The model produced from this research is called EPIC-SMART, which consists of two main stages: preparation (Evaluation, Concept formulation, Method identification, and Integration trial) and implementation (Subject selection, Determine students, Set objectives, Formulate materials, and Determine learning methods). The EPIC-SMART model successfully produced an example of integrating Sangiran cultural heritage education materials with Grade 4 Science and Social Studies (IPAS) subjects, covering six topics with 14 sub-topics. 

Kata Kunci : edukasi Cagar Budaya Sangiran, integrasi kurikulum, partisipasi masyarakat, model EPIC-SMART, grounded theory