Dampak Perhutanan Sosial terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Anggota Kelompok Tani Hutan Pemegang Izin Perhutanan Sosial di Desa Gondanglegi Kabupaten Boyolali

Erlita Andriani, Agus Affianto, S.Hut., M.Si.

2024 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Salah satu implementasi perhutanan sosial di Indonesia dilaksanakan melalui pemberian Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS). Perhutanan sosial diharapkan mampu memberikan kontribusi terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pendapatan rumah tangga sebelum dan setelah pemberian IPHPS, kontribusi IPHPS terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga, dan pengaruh pemberian IPHPS terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan rumah tangga petani pada anggota kelompok tani hutan pemegang IPHPS.

Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 70 responden dari keseluruhan anggota petani hutan pemegang IPHPS sebanyak 223 petani di KTH Wono Makmur I dan KTH Wono Makmur II. Sampel ditentukan dengan perhitungan rumus Yamane dan pemilihan responden dilakukan secara acak. Pendapatan rumah tangga dihitung dari pendapatan on-farm, off-farm, dan non-farm. Kontribusi IPHPS diukur dari pangsa pendapatan usaha berbasis lahan terhadap pendapatan total rumah tangga. Ketimpangan pendapatan diukur menggunakan Indeks Gini dan Kurva Lorenz.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata pendapatan rumah tangga petani sebelum IPHPS sebesar Rp16.391.443/tahun dan setelah adanya IPHPS mengalami peningkatan menjadi sebesar Rp17.369.593/tahun. Adanya IPHPS mampu meningkatkan kontribusi usaha berbasis lahan terhadap pendapatan total rumah tangga petani dengan peningkatan kontribusi dari 61,74% menjadi 63,37%. Kontribusi pendapatan dari lahan IPHPS sebesar 39,56% terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga. Selain itu, IPHPS mampu memperbaiki pemerataan pendapatan atau mengurangi ketimpangan pendapatan rumah tangga yang ditunjukkan dari penurunan indeks gini  dari 0,374 menjadi 0,371 serta pergeseran Kurva Lorenz yang sedikit mendekati garis pemerataan.

One of the implementations of social forestry in Indonesia is through the granting of Social Forestry Forest Utilization Permits (IPHPS). Social forestry is expected to contribute to community welfare. This research aims to compare the amount of household income before and after the granting of IPHPS, the contribution of IPHPS to household income, and the effect of granting IPHPS on household income inequality among forest farmer group members as IPHPS holders.

The sample in this research was 70 respondents from a total of 223 forest farmer members as IPHPS holders in KTH Wono Makmur I and KTH Wono Makmur II. The sample was determined using the Yamane formula calculation and the selection of respondents was randomized. Household income was calculated from on-farm, off-farm, and non-farm income. IPHPS contribution was measured from the share of land-based business income to total household income. Income inequality was measured using the Gini Index and Lorenz Curve.

The research results showed that the average amount of farmer household income before granting IPHPS was Rp16.391.443/year and after granting IPHPS increased to Rp17.369.593/year. The existence of IPHPS was able to increase the contribution of land-based businesses to the total income of farmer households with an increase in contribution from 61,74% to 63,37%. The contribution of IPHPS land income is 39,56% of household income. In addition, IPHPS was able to improve income distribution or reduce income inequality of farmer households as indicated by a decrease of Gini index from 0,374 to 0,371 and a shift of Lorenz Curve that slightly approaches to the equality line.

Kata Kunci : perhutanan sosial, IPHPS, pendapatan rumah tangga, kontribusi, ketimpangan pendapatan