RESPON ESTRUS DAN TINGKAT KEBUNTINGAN INDUK KAMBING SAANEN YANG DIBERI FLUSHING PAKAN DALAM PROGRAM INDUKSI BIRAHI

ANDRIAN SYAH, Prof. Ir. Diah Tri Widayati, M.P., Ph.D., IPM

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui respon estrus dan tingkat kebuntingan induk kambing Saanen yang diberi flushing pakan selama induksi birahi. Delapan ekor induk kambing Saanen umur 3 tahun, dipelihara dalam kandang individu di Pusat Pengembangan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Ternak diberi pakan hijauan, konsentrat dan flushing pakan dengan bungkil kedelai 2 kali pada pagi dan sore, air minum secara ad libitum. Controlled internal drug release (CIDR) dipasang secara intravagina selama 10 hari pada induk Kambing Saanen. Pada hari ke-8 dilakukan injeksi PGF2? secara intramuscular. Ternak yang menunjukan gejala estrus kemudian diinseminasi. Respon estrus diamati selama lima hari berturut-turut setelah penarikan CIDR. Data yang diamati yaitu respon estrus meliputi pembengkakan vulva, pelepasan mucus, warna vulva, pH vagina, dan temperatur vagina serta tingkah laku estrus yang meliputi kambing mengembik dan kibasan ekor serta onset estrus, durasi estrus dan tingkat kebuntingan. Data dianalisis menggunakan independent sample t-test. Hasil tidak menunjukan perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) antara kelompok kontrol dan flushing pada kambing mengembik dan durasi estrus. Sedangkan hasil menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P>0,05) pada respon estrus, onset estrus, pH vagina, temperatur vagina dan tingkat kebuntingan. Rerata skoring respon estrus antara kelompok kontrol dan flushing masing-masing adalah (2,00 ± 0,00 dan 3,00 ± 0,00). Rerata temperatur vagina dan pH vagina pada kelompok kontrol dan flushing adalah (38,72 ± 0,33 ?C) dan (38,92 ± 0,50 ?C), hasil rerata nilai pH vagina yaitu (8,50 ± 0,57) dan (8,62 ± 0,25), hasil rerata onset estrus, durasi estrus dan kebuntingan pada kelompok kontrol adalah 9,71 ± 1,58 jam; 34, 92 ± 4,36 dan 0 ± 0,00% , sedangkan pada kelompok flushing yaitu 7,19 ± 0,06 jam ; 57,37 ± 9,95 jam, dan 50,00 ± 57,73 %. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian flushing pakan selama program induksi birahi dapat meningkatkan respon estrus dan tingkat kebuntingan kambing Saanen. 

The aim of the study was to evaluate the estrus response and pregnancy rate in Saanen does fed a flushing diet during an estrus induction programme. Eight 3-year-old Saanen females were individually housed at the Livestock Development Centre, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada. They were fed a diet of forage, concentrate and soybean meal-based flush twice daily, with unrestricted access to water. Controlled internal drug release (CIDR) devices were placed intravaginally for 10 days. On day 8, an intramuscular injection of PGF2? was administered. Females showing signs of estrus were inseminated. Estrus response was monitored for five days after CIDR removal, including indicators such as vulvar swelling, mucus discharge, vulvar colour, vaginal pH, vaginal temperature and estrus behaviour such as bleating and tail wagging, as well as estrus onset, duration and pregnancy rate. Data were analysed using independent samples t-tests. There was no significant difference between the control and feed flushing groups for bleating and estrus duration (P>0.05). However, significant differences were observed for estrus response, estrus onset, vaginal pH, vaginal temperature and pregnancy rate (P>0.05). Mean estrus response scores for the control and feed flushing groups were 2.00 ± 0.00 and 3.00 ± 0.00, respectively. Mean vaginal temperatures were 38.72 ± 0.33°C and 38.92 ± 0.50°C, mean vaginal pH values were 8.50 ± 0.57 and 8.62 ± 0.25. Onset and duration of estrus and pregnancy rates in the control group were 9.71 ± 1.58 hours, 34.92 ± 4.36 hours and 0 ± 0,00% respectively, while in the feed flushing group were 7.19 ± 0.06 hours, 57.37 ± 9.95 hours and 50 ± 57,73% respectively. The study concluded that providing flushing feed during the estrus induction programme improves estrus response and pregnancy rate in Saanen does.

Kata Kunci : Kambing Saanen, flushing pakan, induksi birahi dan inseminasi buatan.