PERENCANAAN ZONASI KAWASAN PESISIR KABUPATEN CIANJUR BERBASIS KONSERVASI MANGROVE DENGAN PENDEKATAN INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT (ICZM)

ANDINI LESTARI, Atrida Hadianti, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D

2024 | Skripsi | PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA

Kabupaten Cianjur merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Jawa Barat yang memiliki kawasan pesisir di bagian selatan Pulau Jawa. Meskipun memiliki pesisir yang merupakan wilayah kaya akan sumber daya alam, sayangnya masyarakat pesisir Kabupaten Cianjur masih dihadapkan dengan ancaman risiko bencana ekonomi, seperti kemiskinan serta bencana ekologi, seperti bencana alam dan degradasi lingkungan yang mengancam keberlanjutan ekosistem pesisir. Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian, ancaman risiko bencana ekonomi dan ekologi ini dapat diselesaikan dengan pengembangan ekosistem mangrove. Sayangnya, upaya pemanfaatan mangrove ini masih belum diimplementasikan secara aktif oleh pemerintah, terutama dalam hal upaya peningkatan ekonomi dan perlindungan ekosistem. Selain itu, upaya-upaya peningkatan ketangguhan ekonomi dan ekologi pesisir juga belum dilakukan secara terintegrasi.

Kawasan pesisir Kabupaten Cianjur ini direncanakan menggunakan metode Double Diamond Design Process (DDDP) yang merupakan bagian dari Design Thinking dengan melakukan pendekatan Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) dalam perumusan elemen dan sintesis perencanaan. Metode dan pendekatan ini berupaya mengatasi masalah skala wilayah terkait kerentanan ekonomi dan ekologi zona pesisir secara terintegrasi. Pengembangan alternatif rencana dilakukan melalui metode SCAMPER dan pemilihannya dilakukan melalui Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Secara garis besar, perencanaan ini meliputi analisis dan juga perencanaan detail, meliputi rencana struktur dan pola ruang, rencana pemanfaatan mangrove, rencana ketentuan pemanfaatan ruang, rencana zonasi, rencana aktivitas sosial-ekonomi masyarakat, skema kelembagaan, dan pembiayaan perencanaan.

Cianjur Regency is one of the regencies in West Java which has a coastal area in the southern part of Java Island. Even though the coast is an area rich in natural resources, unfortunately the coastal communities of Cianjur Regency are still faced with the threat of economic disasters, such as poverty and ecological disasters, such as natural disasters and environmental degradation which threaten the sustainability of the coastal ecosystem. Based on several studies, the threat of economic and ecological disasters can be resolved by developing mangrove ecosystems. Unfortunately, efforts to utilize mangroves have not yet been implemented actively by the government, especially in terms of efforts to improve the economy and protect the ecosystem. Apart from that, efforts to increase economic resilience and coastal ecology have not been carried out in an integrated manner.

The coastal area of Cianjur Regency was planned using the Double Diamond Design Process (DDDP) method which is part of Design Thinking by taking an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) approach in formulating planning elements and synthesis. This method and approach seeks to address regional scale problems related to the economic and ecological vulnerability of coastal zones in an integrated manner. The development of alternative plans is carried out using the SCAMPER method and the selection is carried out through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In general, this planning includes analysis and detailed planning, including structural and spatial pattern plans, mangrove utilization plans, spatial utilization provisions plans, zoning plans, community socio-economic activity plans, institutional schemes, and planning financing.

Kata Kunci : Ekosistem mangrove, Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM), Kerentanan pesisir, Kabupaten Cianjur, Penataan wilayah pesisir