Perspektif dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Lokal Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi dalam Konservasi Sumber Air

Maulida Meilana Dewi, Siti Nurleily Marliana, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2024 | Skripsi | BIOLOGI

Keberadaan tambang pasir dan  bencana erupsi Gunung Merapi telah menjadi ancaman terhadap ketersediaan air bagi masyarakat di lereng selatan Gunung Merapi. Pengetahuan dan partisipasi masyarakat lokal merupakan kunci dalam pencegahan dan perbaikan kerusakan sumber air, pengelolaan serta pelestarian sumber air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengetahuan, prinsip hidup, dan partisipasi masyarakat tentang konservasi sumber air lereng selatan Gunung Merapi. Penelitian dilakukan di Dusun Sidorejo, Kecamatan Kemalang, Klaten, Jawa Tengah. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling (purposive sampling) dengan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan air di lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi dalam skala kecil dan semakin berkurang seiring waktu. Berkurangnya ketersediaan air dipengaruhi oleh rusaknya sumber-sumber air alami akibat erupsi Gunung Merapi dan penambangan pasir di badan sungai dan lahan terbuka yang masuk dalam kawasan penduduk. Terdapat dilema dalam masyarakat mengenai kerusakan lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh tambang dengan kondisi ekonomi yang semakin baik dengan sektor tambang. Upaya pelestarian sumber air (dandan kali) dilakukan turun-temurun oleh masyarakat setempat sebagai kegiatan bersih-bersih dan perawatan sumber air.

The presence of sand mines and the eruption of Mount Merapi have become threats to the water availability for the communities on the southern slopes of Mount Merapi. The knowledge and participation of the local community are key to preventing and repairing damage to water sources, as well as managing and conserving these water sources. This study aims to describe the knowledge, life principles, and participation of the community in water source conservation on the southern slopes of Mount Merapi. The research was conducted in Dusun Sidorejo, Kemalang District, Klaten, Central Java. The data collection method used nonprobability sampling (purposive sampling) techniques, with research instruments consisting of questionnaires and interviews. The results of the study show that water availability on the southern slopes of Mount Merapi is small in scale and decreasing over time. The reduction in water availability is influenced by the damage to natural water sources caused by the eruption of Mount Merapi and sand mining in river bodies and open lands within residential areas. There is a dilemma within the community regarding the environmental damage caused by mining compared to the improved economic conditions brought about by the mining sector. Efforts to conserve water sources (dandan kali) have been carried out for generations by the local community as activities for cleaning and maintaining water sources.

Kata Kunci : Kekeringan, konservasi sumber air, pengetahuan ekologi tradisional/Drought, water source conservation, traditional ecological knowledge