Efek Sediaan Tablet Ekstrak Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King) Terhadap Ekspresi Renal SGLT2 pada Hewan Model Diabetes Melitus yang diinduksi Streptozotosin

FBA Ummiyah, Prof. Dr. dr. Eti Nurwening S., M.Kes., M.Med.Ed., Sp. KKLP.; Dr. dr. Setyo Purwono, M.Kes., Sp.PD.

2024 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Dasar dan Biomedis

Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia menyebabkan peningkatan ekspresi Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter2 (SGLT2) yang merupakan transporter glukosa yang berperan 90% reabsorbsi glukosa. Ekstrak mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King) memiliki efek farmakologi antidiabetes yang mampu menurunkan kadar gula darah. efek farmakologi antidiabetes yang mampu menurunkan kadar gula darah.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek sediaan tablet ekstrak mahoni terhadap kadar gula darah, ekspresi SGLT2, histopatologi ginjal, dan kadar gula urin pada hewan model diabetes melitus yang diinduksi streptozotosin.

Metode: Tikus Wistar neonatal diinduksi STZ padahari kedua kelahiran dan dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok: kontrol normal, kontrol negatif (Na-CMC), kontrol positif (Dapagliflozin), kelompok yang diberi sediaan tablet ekstrak mahoni dosis 25 mg/kg BB (KP1), 50 mg/kg BB (KP2), dan 100 mg/kg BB (KP3). Pengukuran kadar gula darah menggunakan GOD-PAP, kadar gulaurin menggunakan co-bass, ekspresi SGLT2 menggunakan IHC dengan perhitungan % fraksi area, dan histopatologi ginjal diwarnai PAS. ekspresi SGLT2 menggunakan IHC dengan perhitungan % fraksi area, dan histopatologi ginjal diwarnai PAS.

Hasil: Kadar gula darah pada (KP1, KP2, KP3, dan KP+ lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif (KN) pada setiap rentang waktu pengukuran dan berbeda signifikan pada pengukuran H-7 (p<0 p=0,041). p=0,041).>

Kesimpulan: Kadar gula darah dan ekspresi SGLT2 lebih rendah pada kelompok perlakuan. Gambaran histopatologi ginjal menunjukkan kerusakan yang rendah pada kelompok perlakuan. Kadar gula urin menurun pada kelompok yang diberikan sediaan tablet ekstrak mahoni.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia causing an increase in the expression of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2), a glucose transporter that plays a role in 90% glucose reabsorption. Mahogany extract (Swietenia macrophylla King) has antidiabetic pharmacological effects that can reduce blood sugar levels.

Objective: This study aims to assess the effects of mahogany extract tablet preparation on blood sugar levels, SGLT2 expression, kidney histopathology, and urine sugar levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus animal models.

Methods: Neonatal Wistar rats were induced by STZ on the second day of birth and divided into 6 groups: normal control, negative control (Na-CMC), positive control (Dapagliflozin), groups given mahogany extract tablet preparation dose of 25 mg/kg BW (KP1), 50 mg/kg BW (KP2), and 100 mg/kg BW (KP3). Measure blood sugar levels using GOD-PAP, urine sugar levels using co-bass, SGLT2 expression using IHC with calculation of % area fraction, and kidney histopathology stained with PAS.

Results: Blood sugar levels in (KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP+) were lower than the negative control group (KN) at each measurement time and significantly different at measurement H-7 (pS0.002). The KP2 group differed significantly from KN at Results: Blood sugar levels in (KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP+) were lower than the negative control group (KN) at each measurement time and significantly different at measurement H-7 (p?0.002). The KP2 group differed significantly from KN at measurement H-14 (p=0.041). SGLT2 expression in KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP+ was lower than the KN group and statistically significant (p?0.001). The histopathological picture of the kidneys in KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP+ showed low damage compared to the KN group and was statistically significant (p?0.001). Urine sugar levels at measurements H-7, H-14, and H-21 in each group given mahogany tablet preparations decreased compared to H-0 and were statistically significant (p<0 p=0.041).>

Conclusion: Blood sugar levels and SGLT2 expression were lower in the treatment group. Renal histopathology showed low damage in the treatment group. Urinary sugar levels decreased in the group given mahogany extract tablet preparation.

Kata Kunci : Diabetes melitus, Ekstrak mahoni, Gula darah, Gula Urin, SGLT2, Histopatologi ginjal.