Model Penyelesaian Sengketa Batas Darat Indonesia - Timor Leste Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Wilayah (Studi di Unresolved Segment Noel Besi - Citrana)
Hendri Susilo, Prof. Dr. R. Rijanta, M.Sc.; Dr. Ahmad Zubaidi, M.Si.
2024 | Disertasi | S3 Ketahanan Nasional
Penelitian ini membahas mengenai penyelesaian permasalahan batas darat Indonesia – Timor Leste khususnya unresolved segment Noel Besi - Citrana dan Implikasinya terhadap ketahnan wilayah. Adapun yang menjadi tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu: (1) mengeksplorasi proses penyelesaian unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana batas darat Indonesia – Timor Leste, (2) mengeksplorasi akar permasalahan unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana batas darat Indonesia – Timor Leste, (3) mengeksplorasi implikasi unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana batas darat Indonesia – Timor Leste terhadap ketahanan wilayah dan membangun atau mengembangkan model penyelesaian unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian studi kasus dengan mengacu pada beberapa sumber bukti pengumpulan data yaitu melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumen. Data yang dikumpulkan lalu dianalisis dengan menggunakan beberapa teknik analisis di dalam metode studi kasus, yaitu penjodohan pola (pattern matching), pembuatan eksplanasi (building explanation), deret waktu (time series), dan menggunakan analisis spasial.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penyelesaian unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana telah sampai pada kesepakatan Agreed Principles 2019 yang berisi pedoman penyelesaian unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana. Penyelesaian unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana disepakati dengan cara simplified median line approach, namun demikian sampai saat ini belum mencapai titik temu. Akar permasalahan unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana batas darat Indonesia – Timor Leste disebabkan oleh adanya ketidaksempurnaan produk hukum dalam perjanjian antara Belanda - Portugis (Traktat 1904) sehingga menyebabkan perbedaan interpretasi terhadap isi perjanjian, khususnya pada Artikel III Traktat 1904. Akar permasalahan lainnya yaitu proses negosiasi yang berjalan tidak baik, terdapat kendala kelembagaan, egosektoral dan personel. Unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana batas darat Indonesia – Timor Leste berimplikasi terhadap terganggu atau melemahnya ketahanan wilayah perbatasan khususnya Kecamatan Amfoang Timur. Model penyelesaian unresolved segment Noel Besi – Citrana yang diusulkan dengan melihat perkembangan proses negosiasi antara Indonesia dan Timor Leste yaitu penyelesaian dengan pendekatan politis yang besifat top down.
This research is aimed at discussing the land border issue settlement between Indonesia-Timor Leste, especially the unresolved segment in Noel Besi-Citrana, and its implications for territorial resilience. To be specific, it focuses on (1) exploring the settlement process of the unresolved segment in Noel Besi-Citrana, land borders of Indonesia-Timor Leste, (2) exploring the root of the unresolved segment problem in Noel Besi-Citrana, land borders of Indonesia and Timor Leste, and (3) exploring the implication of the unresolved segment in Noel Besi-Citrana, land borders of Indonesia-Timor Leste for territorial resilience, and building or developing a model for settling the unresolved segment in Noel Besi-Citrana.
A case study research method was used, referring to data and evidence collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The data collected were analyzed using several techniques in the case study method, i.e., pattern matching, explanation building, time series, and spatial analysis.
Results exhibited that the settlement process of the unresolved segment in Noel Besi-Citrana had been to the point of formulating the Agreed Principles 2019, containing the procedures for settling the unresolved segment in Noel Besi-Citrana. In settling the unresolved segment in Noel-Besi Citrana, the concerned parties agreed to use the simplified median line approach, but the settlement had yet to reach any consensus. The root of the unresolved segment issue in Noel Besi-Citrana, land borders of Indonesia-Timor Leste, laid on the holes of a legal product, the 1904 Treaty, an agreement between the Dutch and the Portuguese, which bred a different interpretation of the content, notably Article III 1904 Treaty. Other roots were the poorly implemented negotiation process and institutional, ego-sectoral, and personnel challenges. The unresolved segment in Noel Besi-Citrana, land borders of Indonesia-Timor Leste, brought on disrupted or attenuated territorial resilience in border areas, specifically Amfoang Timur. Accordingly, after examining the negotiation process between Indonesia and Timor Leste, we proposed a model for settling the unresolved segment in Noel Besi-Citrana using a top-down political approach.
Kata Kunci : Model, Batas Darat , Unresolved Segment, Indonesia - Timor Leste, Ketahanan Wilayah
