PENGARUH BERBAGAI MEDIA TERHADAP PENGAKARAN STEK PUCUK 3 JENIS TENGKAWANG DI PT. INHUTANI II KALIMANTAN BARAT

ALDILA PARAMITA, Ir. Adriana. M. P .

2008 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Jenis tengkawang tennasuk dalam Famili Dipterocarpaceae yang umumnya berbuah 4 tahun sekali. Kesulitan dalam mengumpulkan biji tengkawang mengakibatkan perlunya upaya perbanyakan vegetatif melalui stek pucuk. Jenis tengkawang memerlukan beberapa perlakuan khusus dalam perbanyakan vegetatifnya untuk melihat ketahanan materi stek dan kemampuan adaptasi jenis tengkawang pada media. Komposisi media yang telah terbukti baik adalah arang sekam padi pada stek pucuk S.leprosula dengan persentase berakar mencapai 75,93 % dan media gambut memberikan persentase berakar yang masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi media yang paling baik terhadap persen hidup dan pengakaran stek pucuk jenis tengkawang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Persemaian Mandor, Kalimantan Barat pada bulan Februari sampai dengan bulan Juli 2007. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 jenis tengkawang yaitu Shorea stenoptera, S. guiso dan S. compressa. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah CRD (Completely Randomized Design) dengan dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu faktor media (abu sekam, abu sekam + lumut (1 : 1), gambut + abu sekam (1 : 1)). Masingmasing kombinasi perlakuan memiliki tiga ulangan dan masing - masing terdiri dari 15 batang semai sehingga terdapat 405 batang semai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis media tidak berbeda nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tunas dan akar. Pertumbuhan akar dan tunas tertinggi terlihat pada perlakuan media abu sekam dengan S.guiso (rerata persen hid up mencapai 73,3 % dan persen berakar 68 % dan rerata panjang tunas 1,8 cm). Kelebihan lain yang didapat adalah memiliki sistem akar yang kompak sehingga media abu sekam dapat direkomendasi sebagai media pengakaran stek pucuk tengkawang.

Tengkawang included in Family of Dipterocarpaceae which produces fruit once in 4 years. The difficulties in collecting tengkawang's seed causes the need of propagation method which undepends on seeds supply that is named vegetative propagation by shoot cutting. Tengkawang needs some special treatments for their vegetative propagation to research fullener ability about cutting material and tengkawang ability to adapt in relationship with medium. The composition of medium that have been proved good to use for were rice husk charcoal in Shorea leprosula shoot cutting with 75,93 % the percentage of the rooting and peat medium give low percentage of the rooting. Because of that, this research's aim was to gain knowledge about which was the best composition for medium in order that increase the survival percentage of tengkawang and rooting probability of tengkawang shoot cutting. This research located in nursery Mandor, West Borneo at February- July 2007. This research used 3 tengkawang were Shorea stenoptera, S. guiso, and S. compressa. The design that was used was CRD (Completely Randomized Design) with two factors of treatment which were medium factors (rice husk charcoal, rice husk charcoal + moss (1 : l ), peat + rice husk charcoal ( 1: 1 )). Each combination of treatment have three replication and which had 15 experimental units for each replication that made total of 405 experimental units. The result of research showed that the different kind of medium didn't have significant influence on the growth of root and sprout. The highest growth of root and sprout occurred in the treatment of rice husk charcoal media with S.guiso (the mean of survival percentage reached 73,3 % and rooting percentage reached 68 % and the mean of sprout length reached 1,8 cm). The other advantages that gained was it have the compact root system so rice husk charcoal media could be recommended to be tengkawang rooting medium of shoot cutting.

Kata Kunci : Shorea stenoptera, S. guiso dan S. compressa., stek pucuk, media abu sekam, gambut, dan lumut.