PERILAKU HARIAN DAN KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT ALAP - ALAP SAPI (Falco moluccensis), DI PARANGNDOK- PARANGTRITIS, JOGJAKARTA

WISNU PRABOWO , Dr. Ir. Satyawan Pudyatmoko, M.Sc.,

2008 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Alap-alap sapi (Falco moluccensis) merupakan salah satu jenis burnng pemangsa (raptor) yang hanya terdapat di Indonesia. Satwa ini masuk dalam daftar spesies dilindungi IUCN Redlist, kategori Least Concern (LC) serta CITES appendix II yang membatasi dengan ketat perdagangannya. Alap-alap Sapi memiliki peranan penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan populasi hewan mangsa (prey) di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku harian burung Alap-alap Sapi, serta mengetahui kondisi habitatnya di kawasan Tebing ParangndokParangtritis Jogjakarta. Pengamatan perilaku dilakukan pada pagi (06.00--08.00), siang (12.00-14.00) dan sore hari (16.00-18.00) dengan metode instantaneous scan sampling. Guna mengetahui kondisi habitat Alap-alap Sapi, pada areal radius 500 meter dari sarang dilakukan analisis vegetasi dengan metode kuadrat sampel yang disebar secara acak. Data yang didapat kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui terdapat tiga individu Alap-alap Sapi yang berhabitat di kawasan Tebing Parangndok. Persentase aktivitas perilaku Alap-alap Sapi adalah : 54% untuk bertengger, 20% aktivitas bersuara, 16% untuk terbang, 8% untuk bersih-bersih, serta masing-masing 1 % untuk aktivitas makan dan kegiatan di tanah. Hasil penghitungan anova menunjukkan bahwa hanya perilaku bertengger dan perilaku bersuara yang memiliki hubungan terhadap waktu pagi, siang ataupun sore hari. Alap-alap Sapi membuat sarang utama di Tebing Parangndok pada ketinggian 35 m dari atas permukaan tanah. Kawasan di sekitar tempat sarang didominasi oleh tanaman Jati (Tectona grandis) dan Akasia (Acacia auriculiformis) dengan INP masing-masing sebesar 98,43 dan 92,51. Perhitungan indeks diversitas Shannon sebesar 1,56 menunjukkan bahwa habitat Alap-alap Sapi di kawasan Tebing Parangndok merniliki tingkat keragaman yang rendah.

Spotted Kestrel (Falco moluccensis) is one of the endemic raptor that prevalent only in Indonesia. This species is listed in the IUCN Redlist as Least Concern animal, and also the CITES, categorized appendix II. It means, Spotted Kestrel is protected by law and officially restricted to be trade. As predator, Spotted Kestrel play an important role in favor of balancing the population of prey in the wild. The objectives of this research is to investigate the daily behavior of Spotted Kestrel, in addition to examine its habitat in Parangndok Cliff-Parangtritis, Jogjakarta. The behavior are observed by instantaneous scan sampling method, each morning (06.00-08.00 am), midday (12.00-14.00 pm) and also in the late afternoon (16.00 -18.00 pm). To examine the habitat state of Spotted Kestrel, a vegetation analysis is performed in length radius 500 meters from the nest, using random sampling approach. All data was subsequently analyzed by qualitative description method. The result, there are three individual species of Spotted Kestrel inhabitant the Parangndok Cliff area. This investigation findings that Spotted Kestrel expend 54% of its activity to perch, 20% for voice activity, 16% to fly and 8% to groom. Eat and ground activity are the least activity ( only 1 % each) performed by this raptor. Analysis of Varian showed that merely perching and voice activity behavior linked to time period: morning, midday and late afternoon. This observation discovered that Spotted Kestrel built its primary nest in Parangndok Cliff, at 35 meters above the ground. Surrounding its nest, Parangndok Cliff area are dominated with Teak (Tectona grandis) and Acacia tree (Acacia auriculiformis). Each of these tree has Important Value Index 98,43 and 92,51. The Shannon diversity index count result is 1,56, this index confirm that Parangndok Cliff area has a low biodiversity level.

Kata Kunci : Alap-alap Sapi, perilaku, habitat