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PENGARUH SUSUNAN KATALIS Co DAN Mo TEREMBAN PADA H-MORDENIT DALAM REAKTOR TERHADAP YIELD BIOAVTUR HASIL HYDROTREATMENT MINYAK GORENG SAWIT

ANGGITTA NUR SAFITRI, Prof. Drs. Karna Wijaya, M.Eng., Dr.rer.nat; Prof. Dra. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.S., Ph.D., Eng.

2024 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Sintesis katalis berbasis logam Co dan Mo yang diembankan pada H-mordenit melalui metode impregnasi kering telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh susunan katalis H-mordenit, Co/Mor, Mo/Mor, Co/Mor–Co/Mor, Mo/Mor–Mo/Mor, dan Co/Mor–Mo/Mor terhadap yield bioavtur utama dalam hydrotreatment minyak goreng sawit. Logam yang diimpregnasikan berasal dari larutan prekursor CoCl2.6H2O dan (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O. Katalis dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDX, SAA, dan NH3-TPD. Uji aktivitas katalis dilakukan melalui hydrotreatment minyak goreng sawit fraksi I (200–450 °C) dan fraksi II (450–550 °C) menggunakan reaktor semi-batch dengan pemanas ganda dalam sistem one-pot double-decker dengan rasio berat umpan minyak goreng sawit dan katalis sebesar 1:100 (b/v). Proses hydrotreatment dilakukan pada suhu reaktor katalis sebesar 200 °C dan suhu reaktor umpan sebesar 200–550 °C, serta pada tekanan atmosferik. Gas hidrogen dialirkan melewati flowmeter menuju reaktor wadah umpan selama 180 menit dengan laju alir gas sebesar 20 mL menit–1. Produk cair hasil reaksi dianalisis menggunakan instrumen GC-MS. Yield bioavtur utama hasil hydrotreatment pada susunan katalis tertinggi dianalisis dengan instrumen FT-IR.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umpan minyak goreng sawit mengandung senyawa dominan berupa asam oleat (44,38%) dan asam palmitat (39,90%). Katalis Co/Mor dan Mo/Mor telah berhasil dipreparasi dengan metode impregnasi kering cara semprot (spray) dengan kandungan logam Co dan Mo yang terdeteksi SEM-EDX dalam katalis Co/Mor dan Mo/Mor berturut-turut 4,69 dan 19,73%. Katalis Co/Mor dan Mo/Mor menunjukkan karakter luas permukaan spesifik berturut-turut sebesar 278,92 dan 286,17 m2 g-1; rerata diameter pori sebesar 2,95 dan 2,52 nm, dan keasaman total sebesar 2,19 dan 1,46 mmol g-1. Susunan katalis Co/Mor–Mo/Mor menghasilkan konversi produk cair, yield bioavtur, dan yield bioavtur utama paling optimum berturut-turut sebesar 31,0%, 29,8%, dan 11,2%.  

Synthesis of Co and Mo metal-based catalysts supported on H-mordenite by the dry impregnation method has been carried out. The aim of this research is to evaluated the effect of the catalyst arrangement H-mordenite, Co/Mor, Mo/Mor, Co/Mor–Co/Mor, Mo/Mor–Mo/Mor, and Co/Mor–Mo/Mor on the main bioavtur yield in the hydrotreatment of palm cooking oil. Metal support H-mordenite was carried out by spraying using solutions of the CoCl2.6H2O and (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O precursors. The catalyst was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDX, SAA, and NH3-TPD instruments. The catalyst activity test was carried out through hydrotreatment of palm cooking oil fraction I (200–450 °C) and fraction II (450–550 °C) using a semi-batch reactor with double heaters in a one-pot double-decker system with the feed weight ratio of palm cooking oil and catalyst is 1:100 (w/v). The hydrotreatment process is carried out at a catalyst reactor temperature of 200 °C and a feed reactor temperature of 200–550 °C, as well as at atmospheric pressure. Hydrogen gas flows through the flowmeter to the reactor feed container for 150 minutes with a gas flow rate of 20 mL min-1. The liquid reaction product was analyzed using a GC-MS instrument. The main bioavtur yield resulting from hydrotreatment on the highest catalyst arrangement was analyzed using an FT-IR instrument.

The research results showed that palm cooking oil feed contained the dominant compounds in the form of oleic acid (44.38%) and palmitic acid (39.90%). Co/Mor and Mo/Mor catalysts have been successfully prepared using the spray dry impregnation method with the Co and Mo metal content detected by SEM-EDX in the Co/Mor and Mo/Mor catalysts respectively 4.69 and 19.73%. Co/Mor and Mo/Mor catalysts showed specific surface area characteristics of 278.92 and 286.17 m2 g-1, the average pore diameter was 2.95 and 2.52 nm, and the total acidity was 2.19 and 1.46 mmol g-1, respectively. The Co/Mor–Mo/Mor catalyst arrangement produced the highest conversion of liquid, bioaviation yields, and main bioaviation yields were 31.0%, 29.8%, and 11.2%, respectively.

Kata Kunci : bioavtur, hydrotreatment, minyak goreng sawit, mordenit

  1. S1-2024-459288-abstract.pdf  
  2. S1-2024-459288-bibliography.pdf  
  3. S1-2024-459288-tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. S1-2024-459288-title.pdf