Pengaruh Vaksin Inaktif Polivalen Aeromonas spp. terhadap Pertahanan Non-spesifik Seluler dan Humoral Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.)

Putri Rana Shafarani, Prof. Dr. Ir. Alim Isnansetyo, M.Sc.

2024 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu upaya dalam pencegahan penyakit. Salah satu penyakit yang umum menyerang budidaya ikan lele (Clarias sp.) adalah penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) yang disebabkan infeksi Aeromonas spp. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui respon imun non-spesifik seluler dan humoral ikan lele terhadap vaksinasi. Terdapat dua perlakuan yaitu P1 (kontrol) dan P2 (vaksinasi). Pengamatan parameter seluler dan humoral dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 7, dan 15. Parameter seluler meliputi hematokrit, leukokrit, total eritrosit, total leukosit, diferensiasi leukosit, aktivitas fagositosis dan indeks fagositosis, dan ledakan respirasi. Parameter humoral meliputi superoksida dismutase, aglutinasi alami, aktivitas antibakterial serum, aktivitas lisozim, dan total protein plasma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada parameter total eritrosit, total leukosit, persentase limfosit dan monosit, aktivitas fagositosis, ledakan respirasi, superoksida dismutase, aglutinasi alami, aktivitas antibakterial serum, aktivitas lisozim, dan total protein plasma. Parameter hematokrit, leukokrit dan indeks fagositosis menunjukkan hasil tidak signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, vaksin inaktif polivalen Aeromonas spp. dapat meningkatkan respon imun non-spesifik seluler dan humoral ikan lele (Clarias sp.) melalui peningkatan total eritrosit, total leukosit, persentase limfosit dan monosit, aktivitas fagositosis, ledakan respirasi, superoksida dismutase, aglutinasi alami, aktivitas antibakterial serum, aktivitas lisozim, dan total protein plasma.

Vaccination is one of the important measures in disease prevention. The most common disease in catfish (Clarias sp.) is Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas spp infection. This study aimed to determine the effect of vaccination on cellular and humoral non-specific immune response of catfish. There were two treatments, P1 (control) and P2 (vaccination). Cellular and humoral parameters were observed on days 0, 7, and 15. Cellular parameters include hematocrit, leukocrit, total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, leukocyte differentiation, phagocytic activity and phagocytic index, and respiration burst. Humoral parameters included superoxide dismutase, agglutination, serum antibacterial activity, lysozyme activity, and total plasma protein. The results showed that vaccines significant increased total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, percentage of lymphocytes and monocytes, phagocytic activity, respiration burst, superoxide dismutase, agglutination, serum antibacterial activity, lysozyme activity, and total plasma protein. Insignificant result was shown on the hematocrit, leukocrit, and phagocytic index. Based on the results of the study, polyvalent inactivated vaccines of Aeromonas spp. enhanced the cellular and humoral non-specific immune responses of catfish (Clarias sp.) through increases in total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, percentage of lymphocytes and monocytes, phagocytic activity, respiration burst, superoxide dismutase, agglutination, serum antibacterial activity, lysozyme activity, and total plasma protein.

Kata Kunci : sistem kekebalan tubuh ikan, vaksin inaktif formalin, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas dhakensis, vaksin injeksi, fish immune system, formalin killed vaccine, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas dhakensis, injection vaccination