Profil Penggunaan Antiplatelet pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

ANNISA FIRDAUS, Prof. Dr. apt. Agung Endro Nugroho., S.Si., M.Si.

2024 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Stroke merupakan penyakit kardiovaskular penyebab kedua tertinggi dari kematian dan disabilitas di dunia. Terapi antiplatelet merupakan salah satu rekomendasi pengobatan stroke untuk pencegahan sekunder. Pemberian antiplatelet yang tepat diperlukan untuk mendukung keberhasilan terapi dan juga mencegah risiko komplikasi dan efek samping perdarahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pola penggunaan obat antiplatelet dan kesesuaian pemberian antiplatelet dengan Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran Tata Laksana Stroke Tahun 2019 dan Panduan Praktik Klinis Stroke Iskemik Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada Tahun 2022.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional dan pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dengan metode purposive sampling. Populasi merupakan pasien stroke iskemik dengan usia ? 18 tahun di instalasi rawat inap Rumah Sakit Akademik UGM Juni 2021 hingga Juni 2022. Kesesuaian pemberian antiplatelet terhadap pedoman dilihat berdasarkan kriteria tepat indikasi, tepat obat, tepat pasien, dan tepat dosis. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan aplikasi microsoft excel dan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif.

Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 162 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan menunjukan pemberian terapi kombinasi aspirin dan klopidogrel merupakan terapi yang paling banyak diberikan, yaitu sebanyak 142 pasien (87,65%) dan pemberian antiplatelet kepada 151 pasien (93,21%) dikatakan sudah sesuai dengan pedoman yang diacu pada penelitian

Stroke is cardiovascular disease, which is the second highest cause of death and disability in the world. Antiplatelet therapy is one of the stroke therapy recommendations for preventing secondary stroke. Appropriate antiplatelet administration is needed to support success of the therapy and to prevent the risk of complications and bleeding side effects. This study is aimed at knowing the overview of the antiplatelet drug usage pattern and the suitability of antiplatelet administration with the National Medical Service Guidelines for Stroke Management in 2019 and the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Ischemic Stroke of the Academic Hospital of Universitas Gadjah Mada in 2022.

This study is cross-sectional study and the data were collected in retrospective way with purposive sampling methods. The population of the study consists of ischemic stroke patients whose age is > 18 years old at inpatient ward of the academic hospital of Universitas Gadjah Mada from June 2021 until June 2022. The conformity of antiplatelet administration with stroke management guidelines is assessed based on the criteria of appropriate indication, appropriate drug, appropriate patient, and appropriate dosage. The data that have been collected were processed with microsoft excel and then analyzed in a descriptive way.

This study was conducted on 162 patients who met the inclusion criteria and it was found that the combination therapy of aspirin and clopidogrel was the most administered therapy, with a total of 142 patients (87,65%). It was also found that the administration of antiplatelet therapy to 151 patients (93,21%) was in accordance with the guidelines referred to in the study.

Kata Kunci : stroke iskemik, antiplatelet, tatalaksana terapi stroke iskemik, kesesuaian pemberian antiplatelet