RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AND INTERFAITH RELATIONS: "Bring Life to Faiths to Life" in The Catholic Religious Education Toward Respect to Other Religions in The Diocese of Surabaya

Antonius Virdei Eresto Gaudiawan, Prof. Dr. Tabita Kartika Christiani; Dr. Arqom Kuswanjono

2024 | Disertasi | S3 INTER-RELIGIOUS STUDIES

Indonesia mempunyai karakter yang unik karena praktik Pendidikan Agama Katolik di Sekolah Menengah Atas memiliki materi relasi antar agama yang mendalam di mana siswa dibantu untuk mengembangkan penghargaan, dialog, dan kerjasama dengan pemeluk agama lain. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi Pendidikan Agama Katolik di Indonesia, khususnya di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Pertama, penelitian ini mengkaji perkembangan pendidikan multikultural dalam Pendidikan Agama Katolik Indonesia. Kedua, penelitian ini menggali dampak Pendidikan Agama Katolik yang di dalamnya terdapat bahasan tentang pendidikan multikultural terhadap sikap siswa Katolik berhadapan dengan pemeluk agama lain. Ketiga, penelitian ini ingin mengusulkan pendekatan baru yaitu “dari hidup menuju iman menuju hidup” untuk mengembangkan apresiasi, dialog, dan kerja sama antar umat beragama.

Penelitian lapangan ini mengeksplorasi praktik Pendidikan Agama Katolik Sekolah Menengah Atas di Jombang, Surabaya, dan Blitar untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang situasi pelajaran Agama Katolik di wilayah Keuskupan Surabaya sebagai salah satu gambaran praksis Pendidikan Agama Katolik di Indonesia. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan pada bulan Februari hingga Agustus 2022 dengan menggunakan dua metode pengumpulan data. Pertama, pengumpulan data kuantitatif melalui Google Forms untuk memahami cara pandang siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas terhadap aspek multikultural dalam Pendidikan Agama Katolik dan dampaknya terhadap sikap mereka terhadap orang beragama lain. Kedua, penelitian kualitatif melalui wawancara dengan guru agama Katolik sebagai informan. Hasil penelitian kuantitatif dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif, sedangkan hasil penelitian kualitatif diberi kode untuk mencari pola  berdasarkan hasil wawancara  dengan para guru agama Katolik.

Ada beberapa hasil dari penelitian ini. Pertama, dalam Pendidikan Agama Katolik di Indonesia, pendidikan multikultural berada pada rentang maksimal, dimana seluruh proses pembelajaran mendorong peserta didik mempelajari perspektif tradisi agama lain dari sumber yang otoritatif, hingga minimal, dimana peserta didik hanya belajar agama lain dari sumber buku pegangan pelajaran Agama Katolik. Kedua, pendidikan multikultural dalam Pendidikan Agama Katolik, meski belum maksimal, berdampak pada sikap siswa Katolik Sekolah Menengah Atas terhadap pemeluk agama lain. Mereka sudah berada dalam sikap penerimaan. Ketiga, “dari hidup menuju antar iman menuju hidup” merupakan pendekatan yang paling mungkin digunakan dalam Pendidikan Agama Katolik Indonesia.

Indonesia has a unique character due to the praxis of Catholic Religious Education in high school because of its expanded interreligious material to develop respect, dialogue, and collaboration with other religious adherents. This research explored Catholic Religious Education in Indonesia, especially in Senior High School. The first is to examine the development of multicultural education in Indonesian Catholic Religious Education. The second is to explore the impact of Catholic Religious Education that leads to multicultural education on Catholic students' attitudes toward other religious adherents. The third is to propose a new approach to modify the "bring life to faith to life" to develop appreciation, dialogue, and cooperation between religious communities. 

The field research explores the praxis of high school Catholic Religious Education in Jombang, Surabaya, and Blitar to represent the Diocese of Surabaya as the one image of the Indonesian praxis of Catholic Religious Education in Indonesia. The field investigation took place from February to August 2022 and involved two data collection methods. The first is quantitative, using Google Forms to understand Senior High School students' perspectives toward the multicultural aspect of high school Catholic Religious Education and its impact on Catholic students' attitudes toward other religious education. The second is qualitative research through interviews with Catholic religious teachers as the informants. The quantitative research result was analyzed using descriptive analyses, while I used coding for the result of the qualitative research to find the pattern for the teachers' interviews. 

There are some results of this research. The first is that in Catholic Religious Education in Indonesia, multicultural education ranges from the maximal, where the whole learning process lets the students learn the perspective of other religious traditions from the authoritative source, to the minimal, where students only learn about other religions from the handbook. The second is that multicultural education in Catholic Religious Education, though not maximal, impacted the Catholic Senior High School students' attitude toward other religious adherents. They were already in the acceptance attitude. The third is that "bring life to faiths to life" is the most probable approach used in Indonesian Catholic Religious Education.

Kata Kunci : Catholic Religious Education, Senior High Schools, bring life to faiths to life, multicultural education