Hubungan Tingkat Sosioekonomi Orang Tua dan Kepatuhan Terapi pada Pasien Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut Anak di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta
KHANSA FAIRUZAH AKMANULLAH, dr. Eddy Supriyadi, Ph.D, Sp.A(K); dr. Amirah Ellyza Wahdi, MSPH
2024 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER
Background: The five-year survival rates of pediatrics acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in HICs and LMICs are significantly different. Of all pediatric ALL patients in Indonesia, only 20% are in remission. Delay in diagnosis and neglect of therapy are the main reasons for the low remission rate. Neglect of therapy may be related to socioeconomic level and access to health services. At the same time, access to health services has been equalized through the universal health coverage started in 2014. Therefore, socioeconomic aspect needs to be considered in terms of patient’s therapy adherence.
Objective: To determine the relationship between parents' socioeconomic levels and patients’ adherence to pediatric ALL therapy.
Methods: This was an observational study with a retrospective cohort approach. Data used in this study came from Yogyakarta Pediatric Cancer Registry and the medical records of RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Data were analyzed descriptively to see demographic and socioeconomic proportions. Further statistical analysis used bivariate analysis and logistic regression test to assess differences in the dependent variable based on the independent variables. p-value of 0.05 and 95% CI were used as a guide to assess the significance of the test.
Results: Age, gender, domicile, insurance ownership, FAB classification, and parents’ socioeconomic levels had no significant effect on patients’ therapy adherence. Therapy adherence was only significantly affected by the leukocyte count. Patients with 50.000-100.000 leukocyte count reduced the tendency to delay therapy by 42% and those with >100.000 leukocyte count reduced the tendency to delay therapy by 34%.
Conclusion: Parents' socioeconomic levels alone cannot be used as a predictor of adherence to therapy, in this study initial therapy. The factor associated with adherence to therapy is the leukocyte count. The higher the patient's leukocyte count, the lower the tendency to delay therapy.
Kata Kunci : kanker anak, orang tua, tingkat sosioekonomi, leukosit, Indonesia