Hubungan Tinggi Badan Orang Tua dengan Perawakan Pendek Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kelas 2-4 di Kabupaten Kulon Progo
SHAFIRA KHALISA HANUN, Prof. dr. Madarina Julia, Sp. A(K), MPH., Ph.D.; Janatin Hastuti, S.Si., M.Kes, Ph.D.
2024 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER
Latar
Belakang. Stunting
masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang diperhitungkan dalam strategi Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) oleh WHO. Berdasarkan hasil Studi Status
Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) pada tahun 2021, prevalensi stunting di Indonesia 24,4%,
sedangkan di DIY, prevalensinya 17,3?ngan Kabupaten Kulonprogo menempati
urutan kelima prevalensi stunting terbesar di Provinsi DIY. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tinggi badan orang tua dengan
perawakan pendek siswa Sekolah Dasar kelas 2-4 di Kabupaten Kulon Progo.
Metode
Penelitian. Desain
penelitian menggunakan observasional
analitik case-control. Kasus
adalah anak perawakan pendek (<-2 SD), sedangkan kontrol adalah anak bukan perawakan
pendek (?-2 SD). Instrumen
penelitian adalah stadiometer dan formulir wawancara. Data dianalisis
menggunakan Chi-Square, Uji Fisher,
dan regresi linear sederhana.
Hasil.
Sampel
penelitian 62 kasus dan 62 kontrol, 50% ibu
pendek, dan 50% ayah pendek. Ayah yang pendek berisiko 2,88 kali lebih besar
memiliki anak yang berperawakan pendek dibandingkan dengan ayah yang tidak
pendek (CI 95%=1,39-5,96; p=0,004). Ibu yang pendek berisiko 2,88 kali lebih
besar memiliki anak yang berperawakan pendek dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak
pendek (CI 95%=1,39-5,96; p=0,004). MPH dengan perawakan pendek anak laki-laki
dan perempuan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan. Di sisi lain, variabel lain
tidak berhubungan dengan perawakan pendek anak.
Kesimpulan. Tinggi badan ayah dan tinggi badan ibu berhubungan dengan perawakan pendek anak. Stunting merupakan kejadian yang bersifat multifaktorial sehingga penyebabnya tidak dapat ditinjau hanya dari satu faktor saja.
Background. Stunting is
still a concern that is taken into consideration by WHO in its Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) strategy. Based on the results of the Indonesian
Nutritional Status Study (SSGI) in 2021, the prevalence of stunting in
Indonesia was 24.4%, while in DIY, the prevalence was 17.3% with Kulon Progo
Regency being the fifth largest stunting prevalence in the DIY Province. The
study aimed to determine the associations between parents' height and the short
stature of elementary school students in grades 2-4 in Kulon Progo Regency.
Research methods. Research design
was analytic observational case-control. Cases were children with short stature
(<-2 SD), while controls were children without short stature (?-2 SD). The research instruments
were a stadiometer and an interview form. The data was analyzed used
Chi-Square, Fisher's test, and simple linear regression.
Results. In the study's
sample of 62 cases and 62 controls, 50% of mothers and 50% of fathers were
short. When compared to fathers who were not short, short fathers had a 2.88 times higher probability of
having children who were short in stature (CI 95%=1.39-5.96; p=0.004). Compared to mothers who were not
short, short mothers had a 2.88
times higher chance of giving birth to children who were short in stature (CI 95%=1.39-5.96; p=0.004). MPH with
boys’ and girls’ short stature had a significant association. Other variables are not associated
with child’s short stature.
Conclusion. The child's short stature is associated with both the father's and mother's height. Stunting is a complex occurrence, hence it is impossible to isolate one component as the reason.
Kata Kunci : Tinggi badan ayah, tinggi badan ibu, perawakan pendek, stunting
