Profil Kekerasan terhadap Anak Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi COVID-19 yang Ditangani Di RSUP DR. Sardjito

LAKSMITA WIDYA RAMADHANI, dr. IBG Surya Putra Pidada, Sp.F.M.(K)., M.H. ; dr Martiana Suciningtyas Tri Artanti, Sp.F

2024 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Pandemi COVID-19 berdampak pada ekonomi dan kondisi sosial masyarakat. Kebijakan pemerintah dalam membatasi aktivitas masyarakat menyebabkan meningkatnya intensitas interaksi dalam lingkungan keluarga yang dapat meningkatkan risiko kekerasan kepada anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil kekerasan terhadap anak sebelum dan selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian bersifat observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder dari KPKTA RSUP Dr. Sardjito antara tahun 2017-2022. Hasil penelitian didapatkan data sebanyak 39 sampel, dengan jumlah kasus sebelum Pandemi COVID-19 sebanyak 9 dan selama pandemi sebanyak 30. Kasus kekerasan terhadap anak sebelum dan selama pandemi didominansi anak perempuan, yaitu 30 kasus. Berdasarkan jenis kekerasan didominansi oleh kekerasan kombinasi, sebanyak 17 kasus. Berdasarkan penyebab luka didominansi oleh luka mekanis, 30 kasus. Berdasarkan usia korban didominansi oleh kelompok remaja, sebanyak 19 kasus. Berdasarkan tingkat Pendidikan didominansi oleh tingkat SD, sebanyak 15 kasus. Distribusi pelaku kekerasan banyak dilakukan oleh pasangan sebelum pandemi. Sedangkan selama pandemi didominansi oleh keluarga inti. Berdasarkan distribusi geografis didominansi oleh Kota Yogyakarta sebelum pandemi dan Kabupaten Sleman selama pandemi. Berdasarkan distribusi jenis kekerasan dan usia korban didominansi oleh kekerasan seksual terhadap remaja sebelum pandemi dan kekerasan kombinasi terhadap remaja selama pandemi. Kasus kekerasan terhadap anak yang ditangani di RSUP Dr. Sardjito mengalami peningkatan selama Pandemi COVID-19. Dominansi distribusi jenis kelamin, jenis kekerasan, penyebab luka, usia, dan tingkat pendidikan sama antara sebelum dan selama pandemi. Sedangkan untuk distribusi pelaku dan geografi terdapat perbedaan.

COVID-19 pandemic has caused economic and social disruption. Also, government policies have decreased community purchasing power and increasing family interaction that could increase the risk of violence against children. The Ministry of Women Empowerment and Child Protection stated that there has been an increase in violence against children cases during pandemic. Therefore, the research on violence against children before and during COVID-19 Pandemic was conducted to find out the description and distribution of violence against children before and during COVID-19 Pandemic. This study is conducted using descriptive observational method with cross sectional design study using secondary data obtained from KPKTPA DR Sardjito Hospital in the period of 2017-2022. There were 39 samples in this study, 30 of them reported during COVID-19 Pandemic. Violence against children before and during pandemic dominantly experienced by girls, 30 cases. The type of violence was dominated by combination of violence, 17 cases. The causes of injury was dominated by mechanical injuries, 30 cases. The victims age group  were dominated by adolescent, 19 cases. The educational level was dominated by elementary school, 15 cases. The perpetrator distribution was dominated by significant other before the pandemic and dominated by immediate family during the pandemic. The geographical distribution was dominated by Yogyakarta City before and dominated by Sleman Regency during pandemic. The type of violence and age group distribution was dominated by sexual violence against teenager before and combination of violence against teenager during pandemic.  Violence against children cases handled at Dr. Sardjito Hospital have increased during COVID-19 Pandemic. The predominance of sex, type of violence, causes of injuries, age, level of edication distribution are the same as before. There are differences in perpretators and  geographic distribution before and during pandemic.

Kata Kunci : kekerasan anak, sebelum pandemi, selama pandemi COVID-19