Peran Pemerintah dalam pengendalian penerapan Rencana Pengelolaan Lingkungan (RKL) dan Rencana Pemantauan Lingkungan (RPL) kegiatan bidang Pariwisata di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

PARWIDI, Drs. Darmakusuma Darmanto, Dip.H.,MS

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan Magister Pengelolaan Lingkungan

Usaha Pariwisata di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta merupakan kegitan yang potensial menimbulkan dampak penting terhadap lingkungan. Dalam rangka pengelolaan dampak penting yang ditimbulkan, berbagai kegiatan pariwisata telah menyusun Rencana Pengelolaan Lingkungan (RKL) dan Rencana Pemantauan Lingkungan (RPL). Pemrakarsa wajib menerapkan RKL–RPL. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penerapan RKL–RPL dalam penerbitan ijin usaha dan/atau kegiatan pariwisata, mengevaluasi upaya penaatan RKL-RPL serta mengkaji pelaksanaan pemantauan yang dilakukan pemerintah terhadap pelaksanaan RKL– RPL. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan jenis penelitian diskriptif. Lokasi penelitian adalah Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dengan sampel wilayah meliputi Kabupaten Sleman, Gunung Kidul dan Kota Yogyakarta. Sampel instansi adalah instansi yang membidangi pengendalian dampak lingkungan dan yang membidangi usaha/kegiatan pariwisata baik propinsi maupun kabupeten/kota. Responden adalah pejabat dan staf pada instansi yang membidangi pengendalian dampak lingkungan, yang menangani ijin usaha pariwisata baik propinsi maupun kabupaten/kota. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara bebas terpimpin dan studi pustaka. Analisis hasil dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan mendiskripsikan fenomena–fenomena yang ditemukan di lapangan selanjutnya dibandingkan dengan ketentuan peraturan-perundangan yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dalam hal penerapan RKL–RPL di dalam ijin usaha pariwisata belum sesui dengan ketentuan Pasal 7 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 27 tahun 1999 baik sebagai persyaratan mengajukan ijin usaha pariwisata maupun sebagai kewajiban didalam ijin usaha pariwisata yang diterbitkan. Upaya penaatan pelaksanaan RKL–RPL masih terbatas pada sanksi adminstratif yang berupa teguran tertulis. Penghargaan bagi pemrakarsa usaha pariwisata yang telah melaksanakan RKL–RPL secara baik, dalam rangka memberi motivasi bagi pemrakarsa belum dilaksanakan. Cakupan pelaksanaan pemantauan RKL–RPL masih terbatas. Pejabat Pengawas Lingkungan Hidup Daerah belum berfungsi, dan masih terdapat kabupaten/kota yang belum memiliki Pejabat Pengawas Lingkungan Hidup Daerah.

Tourism in Yogyakarta Special Province is a potential activity that generate important impact to environment. To the end of managing this impact, tourism activity formulates Environment Management Plan (RKL) and Environment Monitoring Plan (RPL). In order to manage and monitor the produced impacts from tourism activity, the hosts of tourism activities must implement the plans. This research aims to analyse the implementation of the plans in tourism activities permit, to evaluate the administration by the government for the hosts to ensure that the hosts really implement the plans, and to study the implementation of monitoring by the government toward the implementation of the plans. The research used a method of survey, and it is descriptive analysis. The research located in Yogyakarta Special Province with the areas samples are Sleman and Gunung Kidul regencies, and Yogyakarta city. The institutions selected as samples were those that were responsible for the control of environment impact in both the province and regency levels. The respondents were high ranking officials and staff from those institutions, who are in charge of the control/monitoring of tourism impact, and also from institutions that deal with tourism activities, who are responsible for issuing permits for tourism activities. Data collecting activities were conducted by means of free, guided interview and library study. The analysis was quantitative by describing the phenomena in the field and comparing them with the regulations of the effective rules of law. The research results show that the implementation of the RKL-RPL, especially concerning with permits for tourism activity, has not been in accordance with the regulation of Article 7 of the Government Regulation no. 27/1999, both in the requirements of proposing permit for tourism activities and in the obligations arising from the permit issued. The efforts of the government to organize the implementation of the RKL and RPL are limited only in the administrative sanction, by giving a written reprimand. Rewards, for further motivation, have not been given for the hosts of tourism activities who implement the RPL-RKL well. The monitoring of implementation of RKL-/RPL has limited scope. The Supervisor of Regional Environment has not functioned in addition to the fact that there are several regencies that have no Supervisor of Regional Environment.

Kata Kunci : Lingkungan Hidup,Pengelolaan Pemda TkI,RKL dan RPL, tourism activity, RKL/RPL, permit for tourism activity, compliance, monitoring.