Membran Komposit Perak Nanopartikel/Selulosa Bakterial (AgNPs/BC): Sintesis Hijau, Aplikasi pada Degradasi Zat Warna dan Sifat Antimikrobia
Tintin Mutiara, Prof. Ir. Muslikhin Hidayat, S.T., M.T., Ph.D., IPU.;Prof. Ir. Hary Sulistyo, S.U., Ph.D., IPU.;Ir. Moh. Fahrurrozi, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU.
2024 | Disertasi | S3 Teknik Kimia
The demand for textiles is increasing along with the increase in world population. This increase automatically increases textile production and causes the accumulation of dyes in wastewater. It is considered to be one of the major water pollution problems worldwide. This textile waste contains high concentrations of dyes and chemicals used in various processing stages. Besides that, organic compounds and microbial contaminants are also found in the textile waste stream. In this research, a composite material was created that can be used as a catalyst for the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) dye with the help of sunlight and has antimicrobial capabilities.
This study was conducted to incorporate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into a bacterial cellulose (BC) matrix using simple and environmentally friendly methods to create a composite with superior industrial properties. Bacterial cellulose was obtained from the fermentation of coconut water by Acetobacter xylinum bacteria. The bacterial cellulose was soaked in an AgNO3 solution to obtain a bacterial cellulose membrane impregnated with silver ions. The next step was to reduce the silver ions (Ag+) in the bacterial cellulose matrix to silver nanoparticles (Ag0). The reduction process used three methods: immersion in NaOH solution, Averrhoa bilimbi fruit extract, and hydrothermal process. The resulting composites were denoted as AgNPs/BCA, AgNPs/BCB, and AgNPs/BCH, respectively.
The resulting bacterial cellulose and composite were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) to determine the functional groups involved in the composite formation, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the degree of crystallinity, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to determine surface morphology, and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) to determine thermal stability. The presence of silver nanoparticles in the composite was confirmed by XRD, SEM-EDX, and TGA analysis. The application of the composite for photocatalytic dye degradation was measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. In contrast, the antimicrobial activity of the composite was determined by observing the formation of an inhibition zone during the incubation of Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative).
Green synthesis of composites using NaOH, Averrhoa bilimbi fruit extract as a reducing agent, and hydrothermal reaction produces composite products with silver content of 11%, 20%, and 7%, respectively. The composites can also reduce the intensity of the methylene blue solution in the photocatalytic reaction by 84% and inhibit microbial growth, as indicated by forming an inhibition zone of S. aureus and E. coli of 4 mm and 3 mm, respectively.
Kata Kunci : antimikrobia,fotokatalitik,komposit,perak nanopartikel,selulosa bakterial