Pandangan Komunitas Eropa terhadap Hukuman Mati di Hindia Belanda, 1900-1942
Nailul Fauziya, Dr. Agus Suwignyo, M.A.
2024 | Skripsi | ILMU SEJARAH
The concept of humanism, expressed under the title of Ethical Policy, has ushered in reforms across various domains, including law. However, this ideology does not advocate for the abolition of the death penalty, akin to its application in the colonial metropolis. The death penalty remains a crucial element in constructing the image of an advanced and civilized colonial state. This assertion underscores that the logically consequential death penalty in colonial states contradicts the humanistic values championed by European circles. Various debates surrounding the policies and implementation of the death penalty invite the attention of numerous newspapers, subsequently significantly influencing public perception of the issue.
This research examines the European community's views on the death penalty in the Dutch East Indies from 1900 to 1942. Employing historical research methods, the study utilizes primary sources such as colonial government archives, newspapers, and contemporary magazines. Secondary sources, comprising books and journal articles, supplement the primary materials.
The findings reveal that the issue of the death penalty in the Dutch East Indies involves a complexity of perspectives extending beyond the realm of criminal law. Instead, it reflects a diversity of viewpoints shaped by the interaction between individual backgrounds and social issues. Various individual factors, including religious beliefs, political ideologies, and conceptions of human rights, prove to have an impact on shaping attitudes toward the death penalty. Additionally, social factors, including tensions between the indigenous population and Europeans, crime rates, and inequalities within the justice system, contribute to forming the European community's perspective on the death penalty.
Kata Kunci : hukuman mati, komunitas Eropa, surat kabar