Pengaruh Pemberian Produk Pangan Fungsional Black Rice Crunch Terhadap Ekspresi Relatif mRNA TNF-Alfa, IL-1Beta dan IL-6 pada Hati dan Adiposa Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) Obesitas
Septika Nurhidayah, Prof. Dra. Rarastoeti Pratiwi, M.Sc., Ph.D.
2024 | Tesis | S2 Biologi
Obesitas telah menjadi masalah kesehatan global dan terjadi peningkatan prevalensi obesitas yang signifikan di seluruh dunia. Pengembangan produk pangan fungsional merupakan salah satu upaya pencegahan terhadap munculnya berbagai penyakit terutama gangguan metabolisme seperti obesitas. Telah dikembangkan produk makanan olahan berbahan dasar beras hitam bernama “Black Rice Crunch” (BRC). Beras hitam memiliki kandungan bioaktif seperti antosianin dan asam fenolik, serat pangan serta berbagai mineral. Ekspresi TNF-Alfa di jaringan lemak meningkat pada obesitas sehingga terjadi peningkatan ekspresi IL-6 dan TNF-Alfa pada obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian produk pangan fungsional BRC terhadap rerata berat hati dan adiposa serta ekspresi relatif mRNA TNF-Alfa, IL-1Beta, dan IL-6 pada jaringan hati dan adiposa tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) obesitas. Tikus yang digunakan adalah galur Wistar jantan dengan dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu tikus normal (NO), tikus obesitas tanpa pakan BRC (BRC0), tikus obesitas denganpakan BRC 25% (BRC1), tikus obesitas dengan pakan BRC 50% (BRC2), dan tikus obesitas dengan pakan BRC 75% (BRC3). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan 5 kali ulangan biologis. Penelitian diawali dengan pemberian pakan obesitas selama 5 minggu. Setelah mencapai kondisi obesitas, tikus diberi pangan BRC selama 8 minggu. Parameter yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah rerata berat hati dan adiposa serta level ekspresi relatif mRNA TNF-Alfa, IL-1Beta, dan IL-6 pada jaringan hati dan adiposa tikus obesitas. Analisis ekspresi mRNA pada sampel jaringan hati dan adiposa dilakukan dengan metode RT-qPCR. Nilai ekspresi relatif mRNA dihitung dengan rumus Livak dan analisis statistik ANOVA. Hasil penelitian ini adalah, setelah pemberian pangan fungsional BRC3 (75%) menunjukkan adanya penurunan secara signifikan terhadap rerata berat jaringan hati dan adiposa dan ekspresi relatif mRNA TNF-Alfa dan IL-1Beta pada jaringan hati tikus obesitas, serta menurunkan level ekspresi relatif mRNA TNF-Alfa, IL-1Beta, dan IL-6 pada jaringan adiposa tikus obesitas.
Obesity has become a global health problem and there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity throughout the world. The development of functional food products is an effort to prevent the emergence of various diseases, especially metabolic disorders such as obesity. Has developed a food product made from black rice called "Black Rice Crunch" (BRC). Black rice contains bioactive ingredients such as anthocyanins and phenolic acids, dietary fiber and various minerals. The expression of TNF-Alfa in fat tissue increases in obesity and accumulates positively with adiposity and insulin resistance, resulting in increased expression of IL-6 and TNF-Alfa in obesity. This study aims to study the effect of administering BRC functional food products on the average liver and adipose weight as well as the relative expression of TNF-Alfa, IL-1Beta, and IL-6 mRNA in the liver and adipose tissue of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) obesity. The rats used were male Wistar strains with an age of 2-3 months and a body weight of 200-300 grams. The rats were kept into 5 treatment groups, namely normal rats (NO), obese rats without BRC food (BRC0), obese rats with 25% BRC food (BRC1), obese rats with 50% BRC food (BRC2), and obese rats with feed BRC 75% (BRC3). Each treatment was carried out 5 times in biological replications. The research began with obesity feeding for 5 weeks. After reaching obesity, rats were given BRC food for 8 weeks. Rats were sacrificed for expression analysis of obesity-related genes. Tissue samples taken included liver and adipose. The parameters studied in this study were the average liver and adipose weight and the relative expression levels of TNF-Alfa, IL-1Beta, and IL-6 mRNA in the liver and adipose tissue of obese rats. Expression analysis of mRNA samples in liver and adipose tissue was carried out using the RT-qPCR method. The relative expression value of mRNA was calculated using the Livak formula and statistical analysis using ANOVA. The results of this study are, after the provision of functional food BRC3 (75%) shows a significant decrease to the average weight of liver and adipose and relative expression of mRNA TNF-Alfa and IL-1Beta in the liver tissue of the obesity rats and decrease the relative level of expression of mRNA TNF-Alfa, IL-1Beta, and IL-6 in obese rats adipose tissue.
Kata Kunci : TNF-Alfa, IL-1Beta, IL-6, hati, adiposa, beras hitam