PENERAPAN KONSEP PARALLEL INVESTIGATION DALAM PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCUCIAN UANG DARI TINDAK PIDANA ASAL DI BIDANG KEHUTANAN PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR: 15/PUU-XIX/2021

Desak Putu Risma Widyantari, Sri Wiyanti Eddyono, S.H.,LL.M.,Ph.D.

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU HUKUM

Putusan MK No:15/PUU-XIX/2021 memuat pembaharuan hukum terhadap penyidikan dan seluruh rangkaian proses penegakan hukum TPPU dari TPA Kehutanan. Penelitian hukum ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi Putusan MK a quo terhadap kewenangan penyidikan TPPU dari TPA Kehutanan oleh PPNS KLHK serta mengkaji penerapan konsep Parallel Investigation dalam penyidikan TPPU dari TPA Kehutanan oleh PPNS KLHK pasca Putusan MK a quo diterbitkan.

 

Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Hukum normatif empiris yang bersifat deskriptif. Jenis dan sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan responden dan narasumber, sedangkan data sekunder didapat dari penelusuran kepustakaan. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan komparatif.

 

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dua kesimpulan: Pertama, implikasi Putusan MK menyebabkan penambahan kewenangan penyidikan TPPU oleh PPNS KLHK serta terbukanya peluang penerapan Parallel Investigation yang dapat mencegah potensi ne bis in idem,  menghindari disparitas putusan, mempercepat penegakan hukum TPPU dari TPA Kehutanan, serta mengoptimalisasi asset recovery akibat TPPU dari TPA Kehutanan. Kedua, Pasca Putusan MK, Parallel Investigation belum pernah diterapkan, namun penyidikan TPPU oleh PPNS KLHK secara splitsing sudah dilakukan terhadap satu kasus dari TPA Kehutanan yang sudah inkracht. Terdapat kendala internal dan eksternal yang bersifat teknis maupun non teknis yang menghambat penerapan Parallel Investigation, berupa keterbatasan waktu penyidikan, keterbatasan kompetensi penyidik, kesulitan mencari nexus antara TPA dan TPPU, pemahaman penggunaan instrumen Pencucian Uang yang belum optimal, persoalan efisiensi anggaran, perbedaan pemahaman antar penegah hukum terkait batasan kerahasiaan data keuangan, serta waktu yang cukup lama dalam penyusunan LHA/LHP oleh PPATK. Untuk itu, diperlukan strategi dalam memperkuat penerapan Parallel Investigation dengan membentuk pedoman penerapan Parallel Investigation, memperkuat kapasitas dan kapabilitas penyidik, memperkuat koordinasi dan kerja sama instansi dan lembaga, sinkronisasi peraturan, serta kolaborasi dengan metode financial investigation lain.

Constitutional Court Decision No:15/PUU-XIX/2021 contains legal updates which have implications for investigations and the entire part of Money Laundering law enforcement processes from forestry as predicate crime. This legal research aims to analyze the implications of the Constitutional Court Decision on Money Laundering investigations from from forestry as predicate crime and examine the application of the Parallel Investigation concept in Money Laundering investigations from forestry as predicate crime by PPNS KLHK after the Constitutional Court Decision was issued.

 

This research is descriptive empirical normative research. The types and sources of data used in this legal research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from interviews with respondents and resource persons, while secondary data was obtained from literature searches. Data analysis in this legal research uses qualitative descriptive methods through conceptual, case, and comparative approach.

 

The results of this research show two conclusions. First, the implications of the Constitutional Court Decision lead to additional authority for Money Laundering investigations by PPNS KLHK as well as opening up opportunities for the implementation of Parallel Investigation which can prevent the potential for ne bis in idem, avoid disparities in decisions, accelerate the enforcement of Money Laundering laws from forestry as predicate crime, and optimize asset recovery due to Money Laundering from forestry as predicate crime. Second, after the Constitutional Court Decision, Parallel Investigation has never been implemented, but a split Money Laundering investigation by PPNS KLHK has been carried out on one case from a forestry crime. There are internal and external obstacles of a technical and non-technical nature that hinder the implementation of Parallel Investigation, in the form of limited investigation time, limited competency of investigators, difficulty finding the nexus between predicate crime and Money Laundering, understanding the use of Money Laundering instruments is not yet optimal, budget efficiency issues, differences in understanding between law enforcers regarding the limits of financial data confidentiality, as well as the long time required for preparing LHA/LHP by PPATK. For this reason, a strategy is needed to strengthen the implementation of Parallel Investigation by forming guidelines for implementing Parallel Investigation, strengthening the capacity and capability of investigators, strengthening coordination and cooperation between agencies and institutions, synchronizing regulations, and collaborating with other financial investigation methods.

Kata Kunci : Parallel Investigation, Penyidikan, Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang, Tindak Pidana Asal Kehutanan, Putusan MK No:15/PUU-XIX/2021, Parallel Investigation, Investigation, Money Laundering, Forestry Crime as Predicate Crime, Constitutional Court Decision No:15/