Status Kesehatan Neonatus dari Ibu Hamil Remaja Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul

RAHMATUZZAHRA, WIDYAWATI, S.Kp., M.Kes., Ph.D ; PURWANTA, S.Kp., M.Kes

2023 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Angka kematian neonatal di Indonesia masih tinggi, lebih dari 15% disebabkan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR). Kehamilan remaja merupakan kehamilan berisiko yang menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya BBLR karena seringkali disertai anemia, depresi, dan kurang energi kronis. Pandemi Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) berdampak pada pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak padahal kunjungan ke faskes sangat penting bagi ibu dan luaran neonatus.

Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui gambaran status kesehatan neonatus: status lahir hidup atau mati, berat badan lahir, dan panjang badan lahir bayi dari ibu hamil remaja selama masa pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul.

Metode: Deskriptif kuantitatif restrospektif dengan pendekatan analisis data sekunder. Populasi terjangkau pada penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil primigravida berusia 10-19 tahun dan melahirkan pada bulan November 2020-Maret 2023 di 6 Puskesmas Kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Sampel diambil menggunakan total sampling berjumlah 50. Analisis penelitian univariat menggunakan SPSS-29.

Hasil: Status lahir neonatus pada ibu hamil remaja selama masa pandemi COVID-19 adalah lahir hidup (50/100%), berat badan lahir normal (45/90%), dan panjang lahir normal (26/52%), dengan karakteristik ibu mayoritas berusia 16-19 tahun, kawin, berpendidikan SMP/MTS, tidak anemia, dan memiliki usia kelamilan cukup bulan (37-42 minggu) saat melahirkan.

Kesimpulan: Selama masa COVID-19, mayoritas bayi yang dilahirkan dari ibu remaja dalam kondisi status kesehatan yang baik, dengan indikator lahir hidup, berat badan lahir normal, dan panjang badan lahir normal.

 

Background: The neonatal mortality rate in Indonesia is still high, more than 15% is caused by Low Birth Weight (LBW). Teenage pregnancy is a risky pregnancy which is a risk factor for LBW, it is often accompanied by anemia, depression and chronic lack of energy. The Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an impact on maternal and child health services, even though visits to health facilities are very important for maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Research Objective: To determine the description of the health status of neonates: live/stillbirth, birth weight and length of babies from teenage pregnant mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Gunung Kidul Regency.

Method: Retrospective quantitative descriptive with secondary data analysis. The accessible population in this study was primigravida pregnant women (10-19 years) and gave birth in November 2020-March 2023 at 6 Gunung Kidul Regency Health Centers. Samples were taken using a total sampling of 50. Univariate research analysis used SPSS-29.

Results: The birth status of neonates in teenage pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic was live birth (50/100%), normal birth weight (45/90%) and birth length (26/52%), with the majority maternal characteristics are 16-19 years old, married, have a junior high school education, are not anemic, and have a full-term gestational age (37-42 weeks) at birth.

Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of babies born to teenage mothers were in good health status: live birth and normal birth weight and length.

Kata Kunci : Kehamilan Remaja, Pandemi COVID-19, Status Lahir Neonatus Hidup/Mati, Berat Badan Lahir, Panjang Badan Lahir, Teenage Pregnancy, COVID-19 Pandemic, Live/Dead Neonate Birth Status, Birth Weight, Birth Length