Produksi Karkas dan Giblet Ayam Joper (Jawa Super) Jantan dan Betina dengan Kandang Pemeliharaan yang Berbeda

RAISSHA RIZQI ASMARANI, Dr. Ir. Rio Olympias Sujarwanta, S.Pt., M.Sc., IPM., ASEAN Eng.

2024 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis kelamin dan jenis kandang terhadap produksi karkas dan giblet ayam Joper. Penelitian ini menggunakan 6 ekor ayam Joper jantan dan betina yang dipelihara pada kandang baterai dan kandang lantai litter. Pemotongan dilakukan pada umur 10 minggu. Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak 4 Agustus hingga 15 November 2022. Pemeliharaan dilakukakan di Imogiri, Bantul mulai dari DOC hingga umur 10 minggu. Proses penyembelihan dilakukan dengan metode halal untuk memperoleh karkas dan giblet. Data dianalisis dengan analisis variansi (ANOVA) dan akan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada variabel dengan perbedaan yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin memiliki pengaruh signifikan (P<0,05) terhadap bobot potong dan bobot hati ayam Joper. Jenis kandang memiliki pengaruh signifikan (P<0,05) terhadap bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase hati, bobot ampela, dan persentase ampela ayam Joper. Bobot potong ayam Joper jantan dan betina sebesar 838,83+-44,43 dan 802,67+-35,15 g. Bobot potong ayam Joper kandang baterai dan lantai litter sebesar 838,00+-54,07 dan 803,50+-18,6 g. Bobot karkas ayam Joper kandang baterai dan lantai litter sebesar 537,33+-46,80 dan 500,25+-33,8 g. Bobot hati ayam Joper jantan dan betina sebesar 18,32+-0,54 dan 17,07+-0,52 g. Persentase hati ayam Joper kandang baterai dan lantai litter sebesar 3,28+-0,25 dan 3,58+-0,26%. Bobot ampela ayam Joper kandang baterai dan lantai litter sebesar 20,31+-0,92 dan 26,52+-1,08 g. Persentase ampela ayam Joper kandang baterai dan lantai litter yaitu 3,80+-0,32 dan 5,33+-0,51%. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini yaitu ayam Joper jantan memiliki bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot hati, bobot ampela, bobot jantung, serta persentase hati yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ayam Joper betina. Ayam Joper yang dipelihara pada kandang baterai memiliki bobot karkas, persentase karkas, dan bobot jantung yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ayam Joper yang dipelihara pada kandang lantai litter. Tidak terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara jenis kelamin dan jenis kandang terhadap variabel yang diuji. 

This study aimed to determine the influence of sex and type of cage on the production of carcasses and giblets of Joper chickens. The study used 6 male and female Joper chickens kept in battery cages and litter floor cages. Slaughter was carried out at the age of 10 weeks. The study was conducted from August 4 to November 15, 2022. The cultivation took place in Imogiri, Bantul, starting from DOC to 10 weeks of age. The slaughter process was carried out by halal methods to obtain carcasses and giblets. The data were analyzed with the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in 2x2 factorial pattern, considering sex and type of cage as factors. The analysis will be continued with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) on variables with significant differences. The results showed that sex had a significant influence (P<0,05) on the slaughter weight and liver weight of Joper chickens. The type of case had a significant influence (P<0,05) on the slaughter, carcass weight, liver percentage, gizzard weight, and gizzard percentage of Joper chickens. The slaughter weight of male and female Joper chickens was 838,83+-44,43 and 802,67+-35,15 g. The slaughter weight of Joper chickens in battery cages and litter floors was 838,00+-54,07 and 803,50+-18,6 g. The carcass weight of the Joper chickens in the battery cages and litter floors was 537,33+-46,80 and 500,25+-33,8 g. The liver weight of male and female Joper chickens was 18,32+-0,54 and 17,07+-0,52 g. The percentage of Joper chicken liver in battery cages and litter floors was 3,28+-0,25 and 3,58+-0,26%. The gizzard weight of Joper chickens in battery cages and litter floors was 20,31+-0,92 and 26,52+-1,08 g. The percentage of Joper chicken gizzard in battery cages and litter floors was 3,80+-0,32 and 5,33+-0,51%. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that male Joper chickens have carcass weight, carcass percentages, liver weights, gizzard weights, heart weights, and a higher percentage of hearts than female Joper chickens. Joper chickens raised in battery cages have a higher carcass weight, carcass percentage, and heart weight than Joper chickens raised in litter floor cages. There was no significant interaction between sex and cage type on the variables tested.

Kata Kunci : Ayam Joper, Giblet, Jenis Kandang, Jenis Kelamin, Karkas Ayam