Hubungan Status Vaksinasi terhadap Tingkat Keparahan Covid yang Dinilai dengan Skor National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) pada Pasien Covid-19 di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta

Reza Haris, Dr. dr. Deshinta Putri Mulya, M.Sc., Sp.PD-KAI.; dr. Rizka Humardewayanti, Sp.PD-KPTI

2023 | Tesis-Spesialis | S2 Ilmu Penyakit Dalam

Latar Belakang: Vaksinasi dinilai sebagai pendekatan yang paling menjanjikan dalam mengatasi pandemi COVID-19. Vaksinasi COVID-19 telah terbukti bermanfaat dalam menurunkan transmisi (30-80% pasca dosis pertama dan >90% pasca dosis ke 2), kejadian infeksi berat (65%) dan kematian (69%) akibat COVID-19. Hingga saat ini, pengaruh dari vaksinasi COVID-19 terhadap penurunan tingkat keparahan dan kematian pasien COVID-19, khususnya pada pasien yang membutuhkan perawatan di rumah sakit masih belum diketahui. Vaksinasi COVID- 19 telah diimplementasikan secara luas di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan status vaksinasi COVID-19 terhadap tingkat keparahan COVID yang dinilai dengan skor NEWS2 pada pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian potong lintang dengan mengambil data seluruh pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Sardjito pada periode 1 Januari 2021 hingga 31 Desember 2022. Analisa statistik bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan menghitung OR (Odds Ratio) untuk mengetahui pengaruh status vaksinasi terhadap skor NEWS2 pada pasien COVID-19, hasil dinyatakan bermakna secara statistik bila nilai p<0> 7 sebesar 29,9% dibandingkan kelompok tidak vaksin dengan nilai p 0,021. Kesimpulan: Status dan kelengkapan vaksinasi COVID-19 berpengaruh terhadap skor NEWS2 pada pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Kelompok vaksin tidak lengkap dan vaksin lengkap memiliki efek protektif.

Background: Vaccination is considered the most promising approach in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 vaccination has been proven to be useful in reducing transmission (30-80?ter the first dose and >90?ter the 2nd dose), the incidence of severe infections (65%) and deaths (69%) due to COVID-19. Until now, the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on reducing the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients, especially in patients who require hospital treatment is still unknown. COVID-19 vaccination has been implemented widely throughout the world, including in Indonesia. Objective: To determine the correlation of COVID-19 vaccination status on the severity of COVID as assessed by the NEWS2 score in COVID-19 patients treated at Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Methods: This research uses a cross-sectional research method by taking data on all COVID-19 patients treated at Dr. Sardjito Hospital in the period 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2022. Bivariate statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test and calculating the OR (Odds Ratio) to determine the effect of vaccination status on the NEWS2 score in COVID-19 patients, the results are declared statistically significant if the p value <0> 7 by 29.9% compared to the group that did not receive the vaccine with a p value of 0.021. Conclusion: The status and completeness of COVID-19 vaccination influences the NEWS2 score in COVID-19 patients treated at Dr. Sardjito Hospital. The incomplete vaccine and complete vaccine groups had a protective effect.

Kata Kunci : Vaksin, COVID-19, NEWS2, Vaccine