Faktor-Faktor Penentu Anggaran Pengeluaran Kesehatan Out of Pocket di Negara-Negara Anggota Organisasi Kerjasama Islam

Lina Af'ida Fataya Helwa, Akhmad Akbar Susamto, S.E., M.Phil., Ph.D. ; Dr. Duddy Rosmara Donna, S.E., M.Si.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Agama dan Lintas Budaya

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan atau faktor-faktor penentu pengeluaran kesehatan Out of Pocket di negara-negara anggota Organisasi Kerjasama Islam. Di antara faktor-faktor penentunya adalah faktor karakteristik demografi meliputi variabel penduduk pedesaan, populasi wanita, populasi lansia usia 65 tahun ke atas, kepadatan penduduk dan angkatan kerja. Faktor pendidikan yakni variabel angka harapan sekolah pendidikan tinggi. Faktor kualitas pemerintah meliputi variabel akuntabilitas dan stabilitas politik. Faktor ekonomi berupa variabel pengangguran dan Gross Domestict Product per kapita. Sampel data dari World Indicators Development dan Worldwide Governance Indicators yang dipublikasi oleh World Bank. Analisis data menggunakan Fixed Effect Model. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan jika populasi wanita, kepadatan penduduk, angkatan kerja dan Gross Domestict Product per kapita berpengaruh berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengeluaran kesehatan Out of Pocket, sedangkan variabel lainnya yang tidak berpengaruh signifikan yakni penduduk pedesaan, populasi lansia usia 65 tahun ke atas, angka harapan sekolah pendidikan tinggi, akuntabilitas, stabilitas politik dan pengangguran.

This research aimed to analyze the determinants of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures in member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. Among the determining factors were demographic characteristics, including variables such as rural population, female population, population of individuals aged 65 and above, population density, and the labor force. Educational factors included the variable of school life expectancy (tertiary). Government quality factors encompassed variables related to accountability and political stability. Economic factors included variables such as unemployment and Gross Domestic Product per capita. The data sample was obtained from the World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators provided by the World Bank. Data analysis was conducted using the Fixed Effect Model. The results of this study indicated that the female population, population density, labor force, and Gross Domestic Product per capita had a significant impact on out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures, whereas other variables, including rural population, population of individuals aged 65 and older, higher education enrollment rates, accountability, political stability, and unemployment, did not have a significant impact.

Kata Kunci : Determining Factors, Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Expenditures and OIC Countries