KONTRIBUSI SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI PROVINSI ACEH SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19

HAURA NANDA RIZKA, Prof. Dr. Ir. Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto, SU;Arini Wahyu Utami, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Ekonomi Pertanian

Permasalahan pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda dunia sangat besar dampaknya terhadap perekonomian, sehingga menyebabkan naiknya tingkat pengangguran, angka kemiskinan dan melambatnya laju perekonomian di dunia. Dampak dari pandemi ini dirasakan pula bagi Indonesia dan khususnya Provinsi Aceh. Upaya agar sektor pertanian dapat menjadi sektor yang memberikan dampak besar bagi perekonomian di Provinsi Aceh juga sektor lainnya yang terkait untuk pertumbuhan perekonomian Aceh merupakan salah satu hal yang harus diperhatikan bagi Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh terutama dalam menghadapi masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi sektor pertanian sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid19 terhadap perekonomian Provinsi Aceh. Metode deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan dengan menggunakan data kuantitatif sekunder dari BPS Provinsi Aceh dan BPS kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Aceh. Data yang digunakan meliputi PDRB sektor dan subsektor pertanian Provinsi Aceh atas dasar harga konstan tahun 2018-2021, serta PDRB sektor pertanian kabupaten/kota atas dasar harga konstan tahun 2018-2021. Metode analisis yang digunakan mencakup analisis kontribusi sektor pertanian, persamaan regresi berganda dengan variabel dummy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama pandemi Covid19 di Provinsi Aceh, sektor pertanian mengalami perubahan signifikan dan memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap perekonomian. Meskipun beberapa subsektor mengalami penurunan akibat pandemi, sektor pertanian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan progresivitas. Pertumbuhan struktur ekonomi sektor pertanian termasuk dalam klasifikasi sektor maju.

The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world had a huge impact on the economy, causing an increase in the unemployment rate, poverty rate and slowing down the economic pace in the world. The impact of this pandemic is also felt by Indonesia and especially Aceh Province. Efforts to make the agricultural sector a sector that has a major impact on the economy in Aceh Province as well as other sectors related to Aceh's economic growth is one of the things that must be considered by the Aceh Provincial Government, especially in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the contribution of the agricultural sector before and during the Covid-19 pandemic to the economy of Aceh Province. Quantitative descriptive method was used by using secondary quantitative data from BPS Aceh Province and BPS districts/cities in Aceh Province. The data used includes the GRDP of the agricultural sector and subsectors of Aceh Province at constant prices in 2018-2021, as well as the GRDP of the district / city agricultural sector at constant prices in 2018- 2021. The analysis methods used include analysis of the contribution of the agricultural sector, multiple regression equations with dummy variables. The results showed that during the Covid-19 pandemic in Aceh Province, the agricultural sector experienced significant changes and made a positive contribution to the economy. Although some subsectors experienced a decline due to the pandemic, the agricultural sector as a whole showed progressivity. The growth of the economic structure of the agricultural sector is included in the advanced sector classification.

Kata Kunci : Covid-19, sektor pertanian, perekonomian, kontribusi.