Posisi Bibir Terhadap E-Line pada Anak Perempuan Suku Jawa Periode Gigi Bercampur, Permanen Awal dan Permanen Akhir (Studi Fotogrametri di SD, SMP, SMA Muhammadiyah Klaten)
Choirunisa Nur Humairo, drg. Sri Kuswandari, MS., Sp.KGA(K)., PhD.; Dr. drg. Indra Bramanti, M.Sc., Sp.KGA(K)
2023 | Tesis-Spesialis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Gigi Anak
Latar Belakang: Bibir merupakan komponen
penting dalam estetika wajah. Estetik bibir dinilai berdasarkan jaraknya
terhadap garis imajiner dari ujung hidung ke dagu atau garis estetik Ricketts (E Line). Hidung dan dagu mengalami perubahan seiring dengan tahap
perkembangan gigi. Tujuan: mengetahui jarak bibir atas dan bibir bawah terhadap E Line
pada anak perempuan suku Jawa periode gigi bercampur, permanen awal dan akhir. Metode: Penelitian
observasional analitik dilakukan terhadap foto standar profil wajah 27 anak
perempuan periode gigi bercampur, 32 anak periode gigi permanen awal, dan 32
anak periode gigi permanen akhir di SD, SMP, SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten. Posisi Labrale
superior (Ls) dan Labrale inferior (Li) diukur terhadap E Line dengan
program Corel Draw dan diklasifikasikan menjadi 3 kategori antara
-4 sampai 0 mm untuk Ls dan -2 sampai 2 mm untuk Li. Distribusi
frekuensi Ls dan Li tiap kelompok periode gigi dianalisis dengan Uji Chi
Square (X2) dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil
penelitian: Posisi Ls
terhadap E Line, sebesar 88,9% periode gigi bercampur dan 65,6% periode gigi permanen
awal terletak >0 mm.
Pada periode
gigi permanen akhir 78,1% posisi Ls terletak pada -2 - 0 mm. Sebagian besar posisi Li terletak pada 0 - 2 mm.
Distribusi frekuensi posisi Ls dan
Li menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna (p<0>. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan posisi bibir terhadap E Line pada anak
perempuan suku Jawa antara periode gigi bercampur, gigi permanen awal dan
akhir. Peningkatan periode perkembangan gigi menyebabkan perubahan posisi bibir
lebih ke posterior terhadap E-Line.
Background: Facial aesthetics composed
of important soft tissue landmarks, including lips. Lips position towards Rickett’s
E-Line was observed towards the imaginary line from pronasale (Pn) to
Pogonion (Pog’). Facial bone growth is variable, especially for the nasal and
jaw throughout the dentition period. The aim of this research was to analyze the lips position towards E Line
during mixed dentition, early and late permanent dentition.
Method: This was analytical observational research conducted in Klaten. The
samples consisted of 91 girls in which 27 of them came from mixed dentition, 32
children in early permanent dentition and 32 children from late permanent
dentition. The photogrammetry method was applied to take a lateral aspect of each
subject. All was observed towards Ricketts Aesthetic Line using Corel Draw. The
lip position distribution was then divided into 3 categories and calculated
using Chi-Square Test.
Result: The test showed 88,9% Ls in mixed dentition and 65,6% Ls in early
permanent dentition located >0 mm towards E Line. Precisely, 78,1% Ls in late permanent
dentition located -2 - 0 mm towards E Line. Three groups showed that Li was located 0-2 mm towards E-Line. A
significant difference was shown of upper and lower lip position between three
groups (p<0>Conclusion: Lips position towards E Line among Javanese
girls in mixed dentition, early and late pemanent dentition showed significant
differences. As the period of dentition increases, the lip position had a
tendency to be more posteriorly towards Ricketts E-Line.
Kata Kunci : E Line, Anak Perempuan Suku Jawa, Labrale superior, Labrale inferior, Periode Perkembangan Gigi
