Hubungan Konsentrasi Amonium, Nitrat, dan Fosfat dengan Pertumbuhan Fitoplankton di Tambak Intensif Udang Vaname (Litopennaeus Vannamei, Boone 1931) di Kalurahan Karangsewu, Kabupaten Kulonprogo

Naufal Radhyanto, Dr. Ir. Bambang Triyatmo, M.P.

2023 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan amonium, nitrat, dan fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan fitoplankton pada masa budidaya setelah blind feeding di tambak intensif udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Pesisir Kalurahan Karangsewu, Kapanewon Galur, Kabupaten Kulonprogo. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 4 tambak yaitu P1 dan P2 (masing-masing dengan luas + 960 m2) serta P4 dan P5 (masing-masing dengan luas + 450 m2). Pengamatan dilakukan dari bulan Desember 2022 sampai Januari 2023, dengan waktu pengambilan data/sampel setiap 7 hari. Hasil penelitian dibahas secara deskriptif dan dianalisis dengan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar amonium berkisar antara 0,23 – 4,04 mg/l dengan rata-rata sebesar 1,5 mg/l. Kadar nitrat berkisar antara 1,13 – 30,22 mg/l dengan rata-rata 13,11 mg/l. Kadar fosfat berkisar antara 0,19 – 1,38 mg/l dengan rata-rata 0,64 mg/l. Densitas fitoplankton antara 67 – 1.891 sel/ml dengan rata-rata 667 sel/ml. Diversitas fitoplankton berkisar antara 0,37 – 1,94 dengan rata-rata 1,25. Hubungan kandungan amonium (X1), nitrat (X2), dan fosfat (X3) terhadap densitas (Y1) dan diversitas (Y2) fitoplankton ditunjukkan oleh persamaan Y1 = 213,987 + 336,817.X1 + 1,806.X2 - 119,254.X3 (R2: 0,396) dan Y2 = 1,197 + 0,221.X1 + 0,001.X2 - 0,452.X3 (R2: 0,184).

This study aims to determine the relationship of ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate to phytoplankton growth during the post-blind feeding period in intensive ponds of vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) on the coast of Karangsewu Village, Galur District, Kulonprogo Regency. Observations were made on 4 ponds, namely P1 and P2 (each with an area of + 960 m2), P4 and P5 (each with an area of + 450 m2). Observations were conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 with sample collection every 7 days. The results of research was discussed descriptively and analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Ammonium levels ranging from 0,23 – 4,04 mg/l with average of 1,5 mg/l. Nitrate levels ranging from 1,13 – 30,22 mg/l with average of 13,11 mg/l. Phosphate levels ranging from 0,19 – 1,38 mg/l with average of 0,64 mg/l. The density of phytoplankton ranging from 67 – 1,891 cells/ml with average of 667,5 cells/ml. Phytoplankton diversity ranging from 0,37 – 1,94 with average of 1,25. The relationship between ammonium (X1), nitrate (X2), and phosphate (X3) to phytoplankton density (Y1) and diversity (Y2) is shown by the equations Y1 = 213,987 + 336,817.X1 + 1,806.X2 - 119,254.X3 (R2: 0,396) and Y2 = 1,197 + 0,221.X1 + 0,001.X2 - 0,452.X3 (R2: 0,184).

Kata Kunci : amonium, fitoplankton, fosfat, nitrat, udang