Pengaruh Susunan Katalis Co, Mo, dan W Teremban pada Karbon Aktif dalam Reaktor terhadap Selektivitas dan Yield Bioavtur untuk Hydrotreatment Refined Palm Oil (RPO)
Ady Yulianto, Prof. Dra. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.S., Ph.D., Eng.,; Prof. Dr. Triyono, S.U.
2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia
Sintesis katalis berbasis logam Co, Mo, dan W yang diembankan pada karbon aktif melalui metode impregnasi kering telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh susunan katalis C, Co/C, Mo/C, W/C, CoMo/C, dan CoW/C, terhadap yield dan selektivitas bioavtur dalam hydrotreatment Refined Palm Oil (RPO) dan uji reusability katalis. Umpan RPO diperoleh dari hasil degumming, bleaching, dan perlakuan termal terhadap CPO. Logam yang diimpregnasikan bersumber dari larutan prekursor CoCl2.6H2O, (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O, dan (NH4)6H2W12O40.H2O. Katalis dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, SAA, NH3-TPD, dan TEM. Uji aktivitas katalis dilakukan melalui hydrotreatment RPO I (fraksi I) dan II (fraksi II) menggunakan reakstor semi-batch dengan pemanas ganda dalam sistem one-pot double decker. Produk cair hasil reaksi dianalisis menggunakan instrumen GC-MS. Susunan katalis dengan hasil produk cair tertinggi dilakukan uji reusability dalam lima kali siklus reaksi menggunakan umpan RPO I+II (campuran) dan RPOK (komersial).
Katalis Co/C, Mo/C, W/C, CoMo/C, dan CoW/C telah berhasil dipreparasi dengan metode impregnasi kering cara semprot, menunjukkan karakter luas permukaan berturut-turut sebesar 21,61; 30,10; 56,34; 34,99; dan 151,74 m2/g; keasaman total berturut-turut sebesar 0,90; 0,83; 0,44; 0,68; dan 0,37 mmol/g. Umpan RPO mengandung senyawa dominan berupa asam oleat (41,93%-44,67%) dan asam palmitat (38,22%-40,88%). Susunan katalis Co/C-Mo/C menghasilkan yield bioavtur tertinggi menggunakan umpan RPO II sebesar 49,80?ngan selektivitas sebesar 94,59%. Titik beku produk bioavtur dari susunan katalis Co/C-Mo/C dengan umpan RPO II sebesar -35,6 derajat C. Katalis dengan susunan Co/C-Mo/C memiliki performa yang menjanjikan setelah dilakukan uji reusability sebanyak lima kali menggunakan umpan RPO I+II dan RPOK dengan yield bioavtur diperoleh pada uji ketiga sebesar 52,66?n 48,32%.
Synthesis of Co, Mo, and W metal-based catalyst supported on activated carbon by the dry impregnation method has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to evaluated the effect of catalyst arrangement C, Co/C, Mo/C, W/C CoMo/C, and CoW/C, towards yield and selectivity bio-jet fuel in the hydrotreatment of Refined Palm Oil (RPO) and the reusability test of the catalysts. The RPO feed was obtained from degummed, bleached, and thermal treated of CPO. Metal support of 5% by weight of activated carbon was carried out by spraying using solutions of the precursors CoCl2.6H2O, (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O, and (NH4)6H2W12O40.H2O. The catalyst activity test was carried out through the hydrotreatment of RPO I (fraction I) and II (fraction II) using a semi-batch reactor with a double-heater in a one-pot double-decker system. The liquid products of the reaction were analyzed using a GC-MS instrument. The catalyst composition with the highest liquid product yield was tested for reusability in five reaction cycles using feed RPO I+II (mixture) and CRPO (commercial).
Co/C, Mo/C, W/C, CoMo/C, and CoW/C catalysts have been successfully prepared using the spray dry impregnation method, showing surface area characteristics of 21.61; 30.10; 56.34; 34.99; and 151.74 m2/g, respectively, and total acidity of 0.90; 0.83; 0.44; 0.68; and 0.37 mmol/g, respectively. RPO feed contains dominant compounds in the form of oleic acid (41.93%-44.67%) and palmitic acid (38.22%-40.88%). The Co/C-Mo/C catalyst arrangement produced the highest bio-jet fuel yield using RPO II feed of 49.80% with selectivity of 94.59%. The freezing point of bio-jet fuel products from the Co/C-Mo/C catalyst arrangement with RPO II feed is -35.6 degree C. The catalyst with the Co/C-Mo/C composition had promising performance after reusability test were carried out five times using RPO I+II and CRPO feeds with bio-jet fuel yields obtained in the third test of 52.66% and 48.32%.
Kata Kunci : bioavtur, hydrotreatment, refined palm oil, karbon aktif
