Klaten merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang terdampak bencana gempa Yogyakarta tahun 2006. Beberapa kecamatan terdampak antara lain Kecamatan Wedi, Kecamatan Gantiwarno, dan Kecamatan Prambanan. Gempa tersebut mengakibatkan korban jiwa dan kerusakan di Kabupaten Klaten sebanyak 18.127 orang mengalami luka-luka dan 1.064 orang meninggal serta kerusakan rumah sebanyak 98.910 rusak ringan, 69.992 rusak berat dan 29.989 roboh. Bencana gempa merupakan bencana yang dapat terjadi kapan saja sehingga perlu adanya pengurangan risiko bencana dengan melihat bagaimana resiliensi dan kesiapansiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana gempa. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur indeks resiliensi dan mengetahui kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana gempa bumi.
Pemilihan lokasi penelitian dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan Metode Slovin dengan nilai error (e) sebesar 10%. Data sekunder yang diperoleh melaui studi literatur yang diperoleh dari buku, jurnal, peraturan-peraturan yang terkait, data dari Badan Pusat Statistik dan Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Kabupaten Klaten serta dokumen–dokumen terkait bencana gempa bumi yang ada. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil kuesioner yang mewakili 4 (Empat) aspek atau komponen resiliensi yaitu sosial, Ekonomi, institusional, dan fisik. Penilaian kuesioner menggunakan Skala Guttman. Kuesioner juga dilakukan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Tingkat resiliensi dibagi menjadi 5 (lima) tingkatan yaitu sangat tinggi, tinggi, sedang, rendah, dan sangat rendah.
Indeks resiliensi yang diperoleh dari ketiga kecamatan yaitu 1,18 di Kecamatan Wedi, 1,16 di Kecamatan Gantiwarno dan 1,11 di Kecamatan Prambanan. Kategori tingkat indeks resiliensi dari ketiga kecamatan tersebut termasuk kategori sedang. Tingkat kesiapsiagaan masyarakat diperoleh pada Kecamatan Wedi sebesar 79 termasuk dalam kategori siap, di Kecamtan Gantiwarno sebesar 80 dan di Kecamatan Prambanan sebesar 80, keduanya masuk dalam kategori siap menuju sangat siap.
Klaten Regency is one of the areas affected by the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake. Several sub-districts affected include Wedi District, Gantiwarno District, and Prambanan District. The earthquake resulted in casualties and damage in Klaten Regency as many as 18,127 people were injured and 1,064 people died as well as 98,910 were slightly damaged, 69,992 were heavily damaged and 29,989 houses collapsed. An earthquake is a disaster that can occur at any time, so it is necessary to reduce disaster risk by looking at the resilience and preparedness of the community in facing earthquake disasters. This research aims to determine the resilience index and determine community preparedness in facing earthquake disasters.
Determining the research location using the purposive sampling method. Sampling was carried out using the Slovin Method with an error value (e) of 10%. Secondary data obtained through literature studies obtained from books, journals, related regulations, data from the Central Statistics Agency and the Klaten Regency Regional Disaster Management Agency as well as documents related to the existing earthquake disaster. Primary data was obtained from the results of a questionnaire representing 4 (four) aspects or components of resilience, namely social, economic, institutional and physical. The questionnaire was assessed using the Guttman Scale. The questionnaire was also tested for validity and reliability. The level of resilience is divided into 5 (five) levels, namely very high, high, moderate, low, and very low.
The resilience index obtained from the three sub-districts was 1.18 in Wedi, 1.16 in Gantiwarno and 1.11 in Prambanan. The resilience index level category for the three sub-districts is moderate category. The level of community preparedness in facing disasters shows that the preparedness level in Wedi Sub-District is 79, which is in the ready category, in Gantiwarno Sub-District it is 80 and in Prambanan Sub-District it is 80, both are in the ready to very ready category.
Kata Kunci : Bencana, Gempa bumi, Resiliensi, Kesiapsiagaan
