KUALITAS HABITAT MANGROVE SETELAH DIGUNAKAN SILVOFISHERY DI DESA SURODADI KECAMATAN SAYUNG KABUPATEN DEMAK

TEFI YULIANI AIDA, Dr. Erny Poedjirahajoe, M.P.

2008 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Pemanfaatan mangrove untuk silvofishery saat ini telah diterapkan dalam pengelolaan tambak. Masyarakat menerapkan sistem silvofishery untuk menjaga kelestarian mangrove dan menjadikan tambak sebagai mata pencaharian masyarakat, selain memberikan manfaat ekonomi dan ekologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepadatan vegetasi pada kawasan mangrove dan silvofishery, mengetahui kualitas habitat pada kawasan mangrove dan silvofishery, serta mengetahui hubungan kualitas habitat dengan vegetasi mangrove. Penelitian dilakukan pada areal mangrove dan areal silvofishery yang ditanam pada tahun 2004, 2005 dan 2006, dengan luas masing-masing 2500 m2. Parameter yang diukur untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas habitat adalah faktor fisik meliputi suhu dan ketebalan lumpur, faktor kimia meliputi salinitas, pH, oksigen terlarut, dan faktor biologis meliputi plankton dan nekton. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor fisika, kimia dan biologi terhadap kerapatan vegetasi digunakan analisis regresi. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, rata-rata kerapatan vegetasi di kawasan mangrove lebih tinggi sekitar 58 individu/25m2 dibandingkan dengan kawasan silvofishery yang hanya memiliki 3 individu/25m2. Di kawasan mangrove, suhu rata-rata 28°C, ketebalan lumpur 54,667 cm , salinitas 37,05 ppt, pH 7,767, oksigen terlarut 6 ppm dan kepadatan plankton 4 individu/ml sedangkan pada area silvofishery suhu rata-rata 28,33°C, ketebalan lumpur 45,667 cm, salinitas 26,64 ppt, pH 7,867, terlarut oksigen 5,53 ppm dan kepadatan plankton 5 individu/ml. Analisis regresi menunjukkan adanya korelasi negatif kerapatan vegetasi terhadap suhu dan pH, sedangkan ketebalan lumpur, salinitas dan oksigen terlarut terbukti mempunyai korelasi positif terhadap kerapatan vegetasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji t kualitas habitat di kawasan silvofishery tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata dibandingkan kualitas habitat di mangrove. Kesimpulannya dapat dikatakan bahwa tambak merupakan tempat yang cocok untuk penanaman mangrove atau sering disebut dengan silvofishery.

Mangrove utilization for silvofishery has recently been applied in fishpond management. People applied silvofishery system to keep mangrove sustainability and to maintain fishpond as an occupation for people, asides from the economy and ecological benefits it provides. The aims of this research are to know vegetation density in mangrove area and silvofishery area, to know habitat quality in mangrove and silvofishery area, and to know the relation between habitat quality and mangrove vegetation. Research was done in mangrove area and silvofishery area which was planted in 2004, 2005 and 2006, with 2500 m2 width each. Parameters measured to determine the difference of habitat quality are physical factors including temperature and thickness of mud, chemical factors including salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and biological factors including plankton and nekton. Data are analyzed using t test. In order to know the influences of physical, chemical and biological factors towards vegetation density, regression analysis are used. Based on the obtained results, it is shown that the average of vegetation density in mangrove area is approximately 58 individual/25m2 higher than silvofishery area which only has 3 individual/25m2In mangrove area, the mean temperature is 28°C, mud thickness 54,667 cm, salinity 37,05 ppt, pH 7,767, dissolved oxygen 6 ppm and plankton density 4 individual/ml while in silvofishery area the mean temperature is 28,33°C, mud thickness 45,667 cm, salinity 26,64 ppt, pH 7,867, dissolved oxygen 5,53 ppm and plankton density 5 individu/ml. Regression analysis shows a negative correlation of vegetation density towards temperature and pH, while on the other hand, mud thickness, salinity and dissolved oxygen are shown to have a positive correlation towards vegetation density. Based on t-test result the habitat quality in silvofishery area shows no significant difference than habitat quality in mangrove. ln conclusion it can be said that fishpond is a suitable place for mangrove plantation or often known as silvofishery.

Kata Kunci : Kualitas habitat, silvojishery, mangrove.