Keberhasilan Kebijakan Food Estate pada Ketahanan Pangan di Sumba Tengah

HERMINA MARETA SARI, Dr. Nunuk Dwi Retnandari

2023 | Skripsi | ILMU ADMINISTRASI NEGARA (MANAJEMEN DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK)

Sebagai upaya meningkatkan ketahanan pangan nasional, kini Indonesia tengah menggiatkan pembentukan food estate, salah satu kawasan yang terpilih sebagai target food estate adalah Sumba Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Meskipun kebijakan food estate telah berjalan selama tiga tahun di Sumba Tengah, belum ada penelitian yang mencoba mengevaluasi dampak dari kebijakan ini. Mengisi celah pengetahuan tersebut, melalui metode studi kasus dan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini akan meninjau dampak kebijakan food estate terhadap ketahanan pangan di Sumba Tengah serta menganalisis secara lebih mendalam faktor-faktor apa saja yang mendorong serta menghambat dampak positif dari kebijakan ini. Penelitian ini menemukan jika kebijakan food estate memang membantu meningkatkan ketahanan pangan Sumba Tengah namun dampaknya masih belum optimal. Ketahanan pangan yang meningkat didorong oleh terpenuhinya beberapa faktor pendukung keberhasilan food estate seperti kawasan yang terjangkau, karakteristik wilayah yang sesuai, mulai tersedianya teknologi pangan, serta peningkatan keterampilan sumber daya warga Sumba Tengah. Di sisi lain, hasil penelitian menemukan jika belum optimalnya peningkatan ketahanan pangan didorong oleh beberapa faktor seperti kurangnya korporasi petani, lambatnya kinerja pemerintah daerah setempat, dan inovasi teknologi pangan yang tertinggal. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan dibentuknya Taman Surga konsep pemberdayaan pertanian berbasis pariwisata di Sumba Tengah.

As an effort to increase national food security, Indonesia is currently intensifying the formation of food estates, one of the regions chosen as a food estate target is Central Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara. Even though the food estate policy has been running for three years in Central Sumba, there has been no research that has tried to evaluate the impact of this policy. Filling this knowledge gap, this research through case study method & qualitative descriptive approach discusses the impact of food estate policy on food security in Central Sumba and analyzes in more depth what are the factors that support and hinder the positive impact of this policy. This research found that the food estate policy has indeed helped improve food security in Central Sumba however the impact has been poorly optimized. Increased food security is driven by the fulfillment of several supporting success factors of food estates implementation like easy to reach areas, suitable areas characteristics with irrigation, as well as the availability of food technology tools and an increased skills of Central Sumba farmers. On the other hand, the research results found that the lack of optimal improvement in Central Sumba food security was driven by several factors such as the lack of farmer corporations, unresponsive local governments, and lack of food technology innovation. The results of the research recommend the establishment of a Garden of Paradise with a tourism-based agricultural empowerment concept in Central Sumba.

Kata Kunci : Food Estate, Ketahanan Pangan, Evaluasi Kebijakan, Sumba Tengah