Kontribusi Penerapan Smart City Dalam Pencapaian Sustainable Settlement di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Muhammad Yusuf Kemal, Doddy Aditya Iskandar, S.T., MCP, Ph.D.; Atrida Hadianti, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D.
2023 | Skripsi | PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA
Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (TPB) adalah agenda global menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan. Terdapat dua tantangan dalam mengimplementasikan TPB, yakni ketersediaan data dan kebutuhan akan inovasi melalui pemanfaatan TIK. Kedua tantangan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan inisiasi smart city. Implementasi smart city memiliki kaitan yang erat dengan sustainable settlement yang merujuk pada Tujuan-11 “Kota dan Permukiman yang Berkelanjutan”.
Dengan berlokus di lima kabupaten/kota di DIY, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengidentifikasi kondisi yang memfasilitasi tercapainya sustainable settlement di DIY; dan 2) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor dari smart city yang berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap tercapainya sustainable settlement di DIY. Dengan menggunakan metode crispset Qualitative Comparative Analysis (csQCA), setiap variabel pada penelitian ini dikalibrasi dengan angka biner (1 dan 0). Penelitian ini membagi tiga set data dengan interval dua tahun dalam kurun waktu 2018-2022 untuk melihat perkembangan kondisi dan hasil dari sustainable settlement pada masing-masing daerah.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sepuluh kondisi yang penting (necessary) dan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap sustainable settlement. Kondisi tersebut antara lain sistem pembayaran non tunai, nilai tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja (TPAK) dan persentase rumah tangga kumuh yang baik, adanya ketercakupan layanan lastmile delivery di seluruh kecamatan, usia harapan hidup (UHH) yang baik, tersedianya early warning system (EWS) bencana, adanya mekanisme partisipasi publik, serta memiliki layanan pengaduan online dan tersedianya sistem informasi tata ruang. Selain itu, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sustainable settlement dapat diwujudkan dengan penerapan smart city. Dengan kata lain, penerapan smart city dapat menjadi enabler atau faktor pendorong dalam pencapaian sustainable settlement di DIY.
Kata kunci: qualitative comparative analysis, smart
city, sustainable settlement.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a global agenda towards sustainable development. There are two challenges in implementing SDGs, namely the availability of data and the need for innovation through ICT. Both challenges can be overcome with the smart city initiative. The implementation of the smart city is closely related to sustainable settlement which refers to Goal-11 "Sustainable Cities and Settlements".
Focusing on five cities and regions in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY), this study aims to: 1) identify the conditions that facilitate the achievement of sustainable settlement in DIY; 2) identify the factors of smart city that significantly contribute to the achievement of sustainable settlement in DIY. Using the crisp-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (csQCA) method, each variable in this study was calibrated with binary numbers (1 and 0). This research divided three data sets with two-year intervals in 2018-2022 to see the development of conditions and outcomes of sustainable settlement in each region.
The analysis shows that there are ten conditions that are necessary and have a significant effect on sustainable settlement. These conditions include a non-cash payment system, good labor force participation rate (TPAK) and percentage of slum households, last-mile delivery service coverage in all sub-districts, good life expectancy (UHH), the availability of an early warning system (EWS) for disasters, a public participation mechanism, having an online complaint service and the availability of a spatial information system. In addition, this research concludes that sustainable settlement can be achieved by implementing smart cities. Thus, the smart city application can be an enabler or driving factor in achieving sustainable settlement in DIY.
Keywords: qualitative
comparative analysis, smart city, sustainable settlement
Kata Kunci : qualitative comparative analysis, smart city, sustainable settlement.