Studi Produktivitas Pakan Kijang Muncak (Muntiacus muntjak, Zimmerman 1780) di Suaka Margasatwa Sermo Kulon Progo Yogyakarta

Shalsya Israchma Ayudia, Dr.rer.silv. Ir. Sandy Nurvianto, S.Hut., M.Sc., IPM

2023 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Kijang (Muntiacus muntjak) merupakan satwa yang tersebar di Indonesia salah satunya di SM Sermo. SM Sermo merupakan kawasan yang berbatasan langsung dengan masyarakat dan adanya aktivitas wisata di dalamnya. Adanya interaksi masyarakat berupa pengambilan rumput berpotensi mempengaruhi ketersediaan pakan kijang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis pakan dan menaksir produktivitas pakan kijang di Suaka Margasatwa Sermo. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada September dan Oktober 2022 di Suaka Margasatwa Sermo.

Pengambilan data jenis pakan dan produktivitas pakan menggunakan desain systematic sampling dengan jarak antar titik 200x200 m. Data tumbuhan pakan ditentukan dengan membuat Petak Ukur Permanen (PUP) berukuran 1x1 meter untuk rumput dan 2x2 meter untuk tumbuhan bawah. Produktivitas diukur dengan melakukan pemanenan dengan interval 30 hari. Identifikasi jenis pakan menggunakan analisis kotoran (faecal analysis), sampel kotoran kijang diambil dengan melakukan penjelajahan atau survey pada seluruh plot penelitian.

Berdasarkan hasil faecal analysis didapatkan 18 jenis tumbuhan yang teridentifikasi menjadi pakan kijang di SM Sermo yang terdiri dari 10 (sepuluh) famili, yaitu famili Euphorbiaceae, famili Sapindaceae, famili Primulaceae, famili Poaceae, famili Fabaceae, famili Asteraceae, famili Lamiceae, famili Vitaceae, famili Ericaceae, dan famili Rhamnaceae. Produktivitas pakan kijang di SM Sermo sebesar 4746,94 kg/hari. Besaran produktivitas tersebut dapat memenuhi 4 individu kijang di SM Sermo. Penjagaan, pengawasan, dan pengkayaan jenis tumbuhan pakan, pembatasan aktivitas masyarakat diperlukan agar tumbuhan pakan tetap lestari dan populasi kijang tetap terjaga.

Barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) is species that distributed in Indonesia, one of which is in Sermo Wildlife Reserve. Sermo Wildlife Reserve is an area that borders directly with the community and tourist activities in the area. The existence of community interactions in the form of grazing for animal feed has the potential to affect the availability of deer food. This study aims to identify the types of feed and assess the productivity of barking deer feed in Sermo Wildlife Reserve. Data collection was conducted in September and October 2022 at Sermo Wildlife Reserve. 

Data collection on type of feed and food productivity uses a systematic sampling design with a distance between points of 200x200 m. The type of feed was determined by making Permanent Measurement Plots (PUP) measuring 1x1 m for grass and 2x2 m for undergrowth. Productivity was measured by harvesting at 30-day intervals. Identification type of feed using faecal analysis, deer feces samples were taken survey all research plot. 

Based on the results of faecal analysis, 18 plant species were identified as barking deer feed in Sermo Wildlife Reserve consisting of 10 (ten) families, namely the Euphorbiaceae family, Sapindaceae family, Primulaceae family, Poaceae family, Fabaceae family, Asteraceae family, Lamiceae family, Vitaceae family, Ericaceae family, and Rhamnaceae family. Food productivity of barking deer in Sermo Wildlife Reserve is 4746,94 kg/day. This value of productivity can fulfill 4 individual barking deer in Sermo Wildlife Reserve. Safeguarding, monitoring and enriching forege of barking deer feed, and limiting community are necessary to maintain the sustainability of barking deer feed and barking deer population.

Kata Kunci : kijang, Suaka Margasatwa Sermo, faecal analysis, produktivitas pakan;barking deer, Sermo Wildlife Reserve, faecal analysis, food productivity