Prarancangan Pabrik Akrilonitril dari Asetilen dan Asam Sianida dengan Kapasitas 10.000 ton/tahun
Isna Nisatul Azizah, Ir. Budhijanto, S.T., M.T., Ph.D. IPM.
2023 | Skripsi | TEKNIK KIMIA
Acrylonitrile (C3H3N) is a supporting material used in forming other chemicals such as synthetic rubber, plastic, and materials for making acrylic fibers. Acrylonitrile is widely used in industry because it fulfills the desired properties such as strength, durability, and safety. In Indonesia, acrylonitrile is widely used in the resin industry such as Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Styrene Acrylonitrile (SAN).
This factory will produce acrylonitrile products with raw materials in the form of acetylene and cyanide acid. This factory has a capacity of 10,000 tons/year which operates 330 days/year and 24 hours/day. The reaction process will be assisted by a CuCl-benzonitrile catalyst. This factory also produces a side product in the form of mono vinyl acetylene (MVA) amounting to 2,779.1454 tons/year. The raw material requirements for this factory include 8,907.3043 tonnes/year of acetylene, 5,092.2983 tonnes/year of cyanide acid, as well as 169.1847 tonnes/year of supporting materials in the form of CuCl, and 394.7644 tonnes/year of benzonitrile. The reaction process between acetylene and cyanide acid will take place in a Bubble Reactor with a cooling coil operating at a temperature of 110°C and a pressure of 2 atm. The reaction product will go through several stages of purification, namely separating unreacted acetylene from the product using a drum separator, then continuing with the separation of the acrylonitrile product from cyanide acid and mono vinyl acetylene using a distillation tower. Meanwhile, the by-product will be separated from the cyanide acid in the distillation tower.
This acrylonitrile factory will be established in the Cilegon area, Banten, with a factory area of 2.03 hectares. This factory will employ 183 employees. To support the production process, this factory requires 12.1677 tons/hour of water, 65.6421 kg/hour of natural gas fuel, and 58.3219 tons/year of diesel oil fuel. This factory will provide one 750 kW emergency diesel generator as a backup.
The fixed capital required to set up this factory is $ 15.986.322,03 + Rp 98.626.830.618,33 and the working capital is $ 8.681.673,26. This factory is categorized as low risk with an ROI value before tax of 15.99%, ROI after tax of 11.99%, POT before tax of 4.00 years, POT after tax of 4.76 years, BEP 55.20%, SDP 24.76%, and DCFRR 18.20%. Based on the values of these parameters, this factory is economically attractive and worthy of further study.
Kata Kunci : akrilonitril, asam sianida, asetilen, CuCl-benzonitril, monovinil asetilen