Biologi Reproduksi Selar (Selar crumenophthalmus Bloch, 1793) di Pantai Baron Kabupaten Gunungkidul

Durroh Fika Muabbada, Dr. Eko Setyobudi, S.Pi., M.Si.

2023 | Skripsi | MANAJ. SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Selar (Selar crumenophthalmus) merupakan ikan pelagis kecil yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi sehingga harus dijaga kelestariannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui beberapa aspek biologi reproduksi selar di Pantai Baron Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dari bulan Januari hingga Maret 2023. Setiap sampel ikan diukur panjang dan berat tubuh, berat gonad, serta diamati dan diidentifikasi jenis kelamin dan tingkat kematangan gonadnya. Analisis data meliputi distribusi panjang dan berat ikan, rasio kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, indeks kematangan gonad, fekunditas, diameter telur, ukuran pertama kali matang gonad, dan ukuran pertama kali tertangkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang total ikan selar berkisar antara 18,6-23,8 cm dan berat berkisar antara 71,7-159,8 gram. Rasio kelamin ikan jantan dan betina tidak seimbang (1:1,53). Tingkat kematangan gonad ikan jantan didominasi TKG II dan TKG III pada ikan betina. Nilai indeks kematangan gonad ikan jantan berkisar antara 0,10-1,29?n ikan betina berkisar antara 0,28-5,02%. Fekunditas berkisar antara 12.610-199.673 butir telur. Ukuran diameter telur berkisar antara 0,06-0,51 mm dengan persebaran terdiri dari dua modus sehingga diduga termasuk dalam tipe pemijahan partial spawner. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad ikan selar diperkirakan pada ukuran  20,79 cm. Ikan selar diperkirakan pertama kali tertangkap pada panjang 21,22 cm.

The bigeye scad (Selar crumenophthalmus) is a small pelagic fish that has high economic value, so its sustainability must be maintained. This study aims to determine several aspects of the reproductive biology of the bigeye scad in Baron Beach, Gunungkidul Regency. Sampling was carried out from January to March 2023. Each fish sample was measured for body length and weight, gonad weight, and the sex and maturity stage of the gonads were observed and identified. Data analysis consisted of the distribution of fish length and weight, sex ratio, gonadal stages of maturity, index of gonadal maturity, fecundity, egg diameter, the size of first mature gonad, and size of the first cacth. The results showed that the total length of the bigeye scad fish ranged from 18.6-23.8 cm and the weight ranged from 71.7-159.8 gram. The sex ratio of male and female fish is unbalanced (1:1.53). The gonad maturity level of male fish was dominated by TKG II and TKG III in female fish. The gonad somatic index value for male fish ranged from 0.10-1.29%, and that of female fish ranged from 0.28-5.02%. The fecundity ranges from 12,610-199,673 eggs. The egg diameter ranges from 0.06-0.51 mm with a distribution consisting of two modes, so it is thought to be included in the type spawning partial spawner. The size of the first mature gonads of bigeye scad fish is estimated at 20.79 cm. The bigeye scad fish is estimated to be first caught at a length of 21.22 cm.

Kata Kunci : gonad, rasio kelamin, reproduksi, selar, telur