Toksisitas Protein Cry2Ab dan VIP3A Bacillus thuringiensis terhadap Ostrinia furnacalis
Dewi Indah Sari, Prof. Ir. Y. Andi Trisyono, M.Sc., Ph.D.
2023 | Skripsi | ILMU HAMA & PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN
Ostrinia furnacalis is one of the main pests of corn plants. Management using biological agents continues to be developed, and one of them is using the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. B. thuringiensis produces proteins toxic to different species of susceptible insects. In this research, two proteins (Cry2Ab dan VIP3A) were tested against larva of O. furnacalis. The toxicity tests were conducted with four concentrations of 0.0294; 0.294; 2.94; and 29.4 ppm for Cry2Ab and 0.0017; 0.017; 0.17; and 1.7% for VIP3A to determine mortality, larval weight, and growth of O. furnacalis larvae. The chronic test was carried out by administering two sublethal concentrations (0.0294; 0.294 ppm for Cry2Ab and 0.0017; 0.17% for VIP3A) with the aims of knowing the growth and development of treated larvae to become adults with the parameters of observation including larval and pupal period, pupal weight, success and defects of pupae and imago, and sex ratio. All experiments used artificial diet, and the diets were dipped in the protein solution following a Completely Randomized Design. Cry2Ab and VIP3A proteins produced significantly different effects on mortality and larval weight on the 7th day of observation. The higher the concentrations of the protein the higher the mortality and the slower the larval development until the seventh day after application. Meanwhile, the sublethal concentrations of Cry2Ab and VIP3A proteins produced chronic effects as indicated by longer larval growth rate, less survival from larvae to adults, and increased the proportion of males compared to the females. These findings showed that depending on the concentrations Cry2Ab and VIP3A had acute and chronic effects on the development of larvae O. furnacalis.
Kata Kunci : Bacillus thuringiensis, toxicity test, chronic effect, Cry 2Ab, VIP3A, Ostrinia furnacalis