Analisis Kebutuhan dan Desain Model Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Logistik Instalasi Farmasi Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah

Meidina Filirida, dr. Lutfan Lazuardi, M.Kes., Ph.D.; Prof. Dr. apt. Satibi, S.Si., M.Si.

2023 | Tesis | Magister Manajemen Farmasi

INTISARI

Manajemen logistik Instalasi Farmasi Pemerintah (IFP) Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah masih dilakukan secara semi konvensional yang menyebabkan selisih stok obat dengan kartu stok; pelaporan lama; data tidak real time; kehilangan dokumen. SIM Logistik yang dibuat tanpa perencanaan yang tepat dapat mengakibatkan informasi yang dihasilkan sulit terintergrasi, tidak efektif, tidak efisien, dan tidak terarah sehingga mengakibatkan kerugian bagi organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebutuhan pengguna untuk pengembangan SIM Logistik IFP. 

Penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif studi kasus deskriptif yaitu analisis kebutuhan SIM Logistik menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam, Focus Grup Discussion (FGD), dan telaah dokumen dengan pendekatan User-Centered Design dan desain model System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Penelitian dilakukan di IFP Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah pada Oktober sampai November 2022 dengan 14 orang subyek penelitian. Desain Data Flow Diagram (DFD) dan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) menggunakan Visio 2021.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan kebutuhan data manajemen logistik IFP yaitu file sediaan farmasi, transaksi masuk dan retur, transaksi keluar dan retur, transaksi pemusnahan, dan transaksi stok opname. Kebutuhan data dikelompokan kedalam kebutuhan data penerimaan, distribusi, dan pelaporan dengan 6 jenis laporan rutin. DFD diharapkan dapat menjadi visualisasi informasi sediaan farmasi secara lengkap di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. ERD didesain dengan mengelompokkan kebutuhan data dalam elemen-elemen data. Data dictionary memuat 96 item data dengan tipe data character, currency, date, time, dan number. Dengan demikian SDLC dari hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi model awal SIM Logistik IFP Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah sehingga membantu pengelolaan data dalam pengambilan keputusan di setiap proses siklus pengelolaan sediaan farmasi di IFP.

Kata kunci: Instalasi farmasi pemerintah; manajemen logistik; system development life cycle; user-centered design

ABSTRACT

Logistic management at the Central Kalimantan Government Pharmaceutical Installation (IFP) is still carried out in a semi-conventional manner, which causes differences in drug stocks, differences in card stock, old reporting, data that is not real-time, and lost documents. This makes the management of information in the process very vital, so it is necessary to carry out a needs analysis for the development of a Logistic Management Information System (MIS) at IFP. This study aims to analyze user needs for the development of the Logistic MIS IFP.

This research was a qualitative descriptive case study, namely an analysis of the need for SIM Logistic using in-depth interviews, focus group discussion (FGD), and document review using the user-centered design approach and the system development life cycle (SDLC) model design. The research was conducted at the IFP in Central Kalimantan Province from October to November 2022 with 14 subjects. Design data flow diagrams (DFD) and entity relationship diagrams (ERD) were used in Visio 2021.

The results of the study showed the need for logistic management data in IFP, namely pharmaceutical product files, incoming and returned transaction data, outgoing and returned transactions, destruction transactions, and stock-taking transactions. Data requirements were grouped into data requirements for reception, distribution, and reporting of six types of routine reports. DFD was expected to be a complete information visualization of pharmaceutical products in Central Kalimantan Province. ERD was designed by grouping data requirements into elements. The data dictionary contains 96 data items with data types of character, currency, date, time, and number. Thus, the SDLC from the results of this study could be an initial model for the Logistic management system at IFP Central Kalimantan Province so as to assist data management in making decisions in each process of the pharmaceutical preparation management cycle at IFP.

Keywords: Government pharmaceutical installations; logistic management; system development life cycle; user-centered design

Kata Kunci : Instalasi farmasi pemerintah, manajemen logistik, system development life cycle, user-centered design