Korelasi Tata Kelola Air dengan Indikator Perekonomian Wilayah di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
Lisa Pratiwi Roudlatul Munawwaroh, Retno Widodo Dwi Pramono S.T. M.Sc. Ph.D
2023 | Tesis | S2 Magist.Prnc.Kota & Daerah
Air adalah salah satu sumber daya terbatas karena tidak dapat diperbarui namun sangat dibutuhkan setiap manusia. Provinsi NTT merupakan wilayah di Indonesia yang mengalami kesulitan akses terhadap air. Permasalahan air cenderung dikaitkan dengan tidak adanya sumber air. Adapun ketiadaan sumber air sangat dekat dengan kondisi kekeringan, yaitu kondisi dimana ketersediaan air jauh di bawah kebutuhan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sumber permasalahan air yang sesungguhnya, serta menilai kualitas tata kelola air dan pengaruhnya terhadap perekonomian wilayah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deduktif campuran dengan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif melalui penilaian ahli.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis, permasalahan air tidak selalu berkaitan dengan ada tidaknya ketersediaan sumber air, namun dari faktor kualitas tata kelola air, yaitu prinsip koherensi kebijakan dan prinsip pengawasan dan evaluasi. Semakin tinggi kualitas tersebut akan menurunkan risiko kekeringan. Kualitas tata kelola air di Provinsi NTT secara umum masih dalam tahap pengembangan kerangka kerja, dan beberapa telah ada namun belum diimplementasikan. Daya dukung air berkaitan negatif, namun lemah terhadap PDRB sektor I (akomodasi, makan minum), sementara kualitas tata kelola air berkaitan secara positif pada beberapa indikator perekonomian wilayah, yaitu PDRB per kapita (prinsip kapasitas), serta PDRB sektor C (industri pengolahan) (prinsip kapasitas dan prinsip integritas & transparansi).
Water is a limited resources because it cannot be renewed but is needed by every human being. East Nusa Tenggara Province is a region in Indonesia that experiences difficulty in accessing water. Water problems tend to be associated with the absence of water resources. The absence of water resources is very close to drought conditions, namely conditions where water availability is far below water needs. This research aims to find out the real source of water problems, as well as assess the quality of water governance and its impact on the regional economy. This research uses a mixed deductive approach with quantitative and qualitative methods through expert assessment.
Based on the result of the analysis, water problems are not always related to the availability of water sources but rather the quality of water governance, namely the principle of policy coherence and the principle of monitoring and evaluation. The higher the quality, the lower the risk of drought. The quality of water governance in East Nusa Tenggara Province is generally still in the framework development stage, and some already exist but have not yet been implemented. Water carrying capacity is negatively, but weakly related to GDP in sector I (accommodation, food and drink), while the quality of water governance is positively related to several regional economic indicators, namely GDP per capita (principle of capacity), and GDP in sector C (processing industry) (principles of capacity and principles of integrity & transparency).
Kata Kunci : kekeringan, daya dukung air, tata kelola air, indikator ekonomi