Senior Center di Kaliurang dengan Pendekatan Therapeutic Architecture

Haya Nabila Lelono, Ardhya Nareswari, S.T., M.T., Ph.D.

2023 | Skripsi | ARSITEKTUR

Bisnis senior living di Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan sejalan dengan meningkatnya populasi lansia. Bisnis ini membuka peluang bagi arsitek untuk menciptakan atau mengembangkan desain yang sesuai pengguna lansia. Walapun Yogyakarta salah satu kota dengan aging population tertinggi di Indonesia, namun senior living yang tersebar masih dikelola secara non-profit. Hal ini menyebabkan beberapa permasalahan seperti konstruksi dan massa bangunan dengan kontur tidak rata, letak tata ruang yang tidak mudah dipahami, fasilitas khusus untuk kebutuhan aktivitas lansia dan pemberdayaan potensi alam untuk relaksasi yang minim. Padahal fasilitas yang bersifat rekreasional, edukasional dan tetap bersama keluarga sangat penting dan sejalan dengan kultur masyarakat Yogyakarta.

Studi literatur arsitektur terapeutik, karakteristik lansia, dan program ruang senior center, studi preseden dan evaluasi desain terkait tipologi dan pendekatan terkait untuk mengetahui standar dan menghasilkan inovasi desain terbaru. Observasi lapangan diperlukan agar informasi detail tapak bangunan diketahui. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh dianalisis mulai dari segi tapak, fungsional, struktur, dan utilitas untuk menghasilkan desain yang sesuai dengan berbagai kondisi yang ditemukan.

Hasil akhir berupa senior center terletak di Kaliurang, Sleman sebagai respon terhadap pertumbuhan populasi lansia. Perancangan senior center khusus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan lansia, termasuk kebutuhan fisik, sosial, psikologis, dan spiritual. Desain therapeutic architecture yang digunakan untuk perancangan senior center ini mencakup keamanan dan aksesibilitas, familiaritas, healing garden, biofilik, serta interaksi sosial pengguna. Selanjutnya prinsip tersebut diaplikasikan dalam skala site, eksterior, interior, dan lanskap fasilitas. Secara keseluruhan, perancangan desain senior center ini diharapkan dapat memberikan model desain yang mengikuti tren dan kebutuhan di masa depan yang berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup lansia.

Senior living business in Indonesia is growing in line with the increasing elderly population. This business opens up opportunities for architects to create or develop designs that suit elderly users. Although Yogyakarta is one of the cities with the highest aging population in Indonesia, senior living is still managed by non-profit organizations. This causes several problems such as construction and building mass with uneven contours, spatial layout that is not easy to understand, special facilities for the needs of elderly activities and empowerment of natural potential for minimal relaxation. Whereas facilities that are recreational, educational and stay with the family are very important and in line with the culture of the people of Yogyakarta. 

Literature studies on therapeutic architecture, characteristics of the elderly, and senior center space programs, precedent studies and design evaluations related to typologies and related approaches to determine standards and produce the latest design innovations. Field observations are needed so that detailed information on the building site is known. Furthermore, the data obtained is analysed in terms of site, functional, structure, and utilities to produce a design that is in accordance with the various conditions found.

The result is a senior center located in Kaliurang, Sleman as a response to the growing elderly population. The design of the senior center is specifically to meet the needs of the elderly, including physical, social, psychological, and spiritual needs. The therapeutic architecture design used for the design of this senior center includes security and accessibility, familiarity, healing garden, biophilic, and social interaction of users. Furthermore, these principles are applied to the scale of the site, exterior, interior, and landscape of the facility. Overall, the design of this senior center design is expected to provide a design model that follows future trends and needs that contribute to improving the quality of life of the elderly.

Kata Kunci : Desain pusat lansia, Lansia, Aging population, Arsitektur terapeutik