Strategi Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan untuk Bawang Merah di Nogosari, Selopamioro, Bantul

Afifa Aprillia Tanjung, Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Junun Sartohadi, M.Sc ; Prof. Dr. Ir. Sri Nuryani H Utami, M.P, M.Sc.

2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Tanah

Bawang merah adalah salah satu komoditi yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan di Nogosari, Selopamioro, Bantul. Pengembangan tanaman bawang merah di Nogosari melalui strategi pengembangan sumberdaya lahan yang melibatkan komponen sumberdaya lahan seperti iklim, batuan, relief, air dan tanah yang dilakukan untuk memaksimalkan potensi dan produktivitas lahan yang ada. Pengembangan sumberdaya lahan pertanian untuk tanaman bawang merah merupakan strategi penting untuk pengembangan dan peningkatan kesejahteraan petani. Ketersediaan bawang merah yang selalu rendah sedangkan permintaannya cukup tinggi mengakibatkan melambungnya harga. Saat ini petani di Dusun Nogosari lebih sering menanam tanaman pangan seperti kacang tanah, kedelai, jagung dan hanya sebagian kecil petani yang ingin menanam tanaman bawang merah. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan pada 3 penggunaan lahan pertanian yang berbeda dan 1 lahan semak belukar. Pengambilan sampel tanah pada kedalaman 0-20 cm dan kedalaman 20-40 cm. Kualitas air juga dilihat pada embung yang berada di Dusun Nogosari. Analisis laboratorium dilakukan untuk mengukur pH tanah, karbon organik tanah dan kapasitas pertukaran kation (KPK). Karakteristik bentanglahan seperti lahan pertanian yang tergenang air saat hujan dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan umbi tanaman bawang merah. Potensi pengembangan sumberdaya lahan untuk tanaman bawang merah di Dusun Nogosari, Selopamioro, Bantul difokuskan kepada penataan lahan di lapangan seperti pembuatan bedengan dengan ketinggian 20-30 cm untuk mencegah tanah tergenang dari air hujan, penggunaan embung untuk panen air hujan, penggunaan varietas unggul tanaman bawang merah yang tahan hujan dan disukai petani, pengelolaan kesuburan tanah di Dusun Nogosari, penggunaan pestisida, rotasi tanaman, dan pascapanen. 

Kata kunci : bawang merah, komponen sumberdaya lahan, pengembangan sumberdaya lahan 

Shallots are one of the commodities that have the potential to be developed in Nogosari Hamlet, Selopamioro, and Bantul.  Development of shallots in Nogosari Hamlet through land resource development strategies involving land resource components such as climate, rocks, relief, water, and soil are carried out to maximize the potential and productivity of existing land. Developing agricultural land resources for onion crops is an important strategy for developing and improving Farmers ' Welfare. The availability of shallots is always low while the demand is quite high, resulting in soaring prices. Farmers in Nogosari Hamlet more often grow food crops such as peanuts, soybeans, and corn; only a small number of farmers want to grow onion plants. Soil sampling was conducted on three agricultural land uses and one shrub land. Soil sampling at a depth of 0-20 cm and a depth of 20-40 cm. Water quality is also seen in the reservoir located in the hamlet Nogosari. Laboratory analysis measured soil pH, C-organics, soil texture, Total Suspended solids, and water nitrates. Climate variables are observed through the Automatic Weather Station (AWS), such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, solar irradiance, and wind speed. Activities of farmers at the research site, such as the use of fertilizers, Land Management, and water use, are considered in this study for the development of onion plants. The study's results explain that weather factors such as rainfall and air temperature affect the growth of shallots. Weather conditions in Nogosari Hamlet, such as rainfall and temperature, affect soil chemical conditions such as pH, organic carbon, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Landscape characteristics such as flooded agricultural land during rain can affect the growth of onion plant bulbs. The potential development of land resources for onion plants in Nogosari Hamlet, Selopamioro, Bantul is focused on a land arrangement in the field, such as making beds with a height of 20-30 cm to prevent flooded soil from rainwater, the use of reservoirs for rainwater harvesting, the use of superior varieties of onion plants that are rainproof and favoured by farmers, soil fertility management in Nogosari Hamlet, the use of pesticides, crop rotation, and post-harvest. 

Keywords: red onion, land resource component, Land Resource Development

Kata Kunci : Bawang merah, komponen sumberdaya lahan, pengembangan sumberdaya lahan