Diskriminasi terhadap Pemain Sepak Bola Perempuan (Studi pada Liga 1 Putri 2019)
MOHAMMAD FAJRUL FIKRI, Dr. Phil. Arie Setyaningrum Pamungkas, M.A
2023 | Tesis | S2 Sosiologi
In general, this thesis aims to describe the Indonesian female soccer players in facing sexisms with concerning on sexual discrimination and gender base violence. More specifically, the study seeks to investigate the implications of sexual discrimination which includes gender base violence experienced by the Indonesian female soccer players on and off the field. This study is qualitative base research which applied a case study by exemplifying particular event in the 2019 Women's First League. The informants of this study consisted of 13 people selected with purposive sampling technique. The informants are female soccer players who experience sexual discrimination including online gender base violence during the 2019 Women's first League (the victims), coaches and management staffs assigned in providing social support for players who are the victims (the victimizers or the scapegoats). Data collection is carried out through observation, interviews, and equipped with documentation of online gender base violence found in online media as well as social media of the Indonesian soccer fandom. In dealing with data identification technique, the study applies to source triangulation by the Miles and Hoberman’s interactive model analysis e.g.: proceedings of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The second sex theory from Simone de Beauvoir, and the objectification theory from Fredrickson & Roberts referred as analytical framework. The study founds various forms of sexual discrimination identified as follows, manipulating social roles for the soccer (football) club environment such as unfair management, appointments of harsh coaches, and unfit replacement for substitute players. Other forms of specific gender base violence include lacking protection or support for plyers who experience online gender base violence, stereotyping and bodily objectification of female soccer players in the media coverage, unfair supporting system including dysfunctional facilities (i.e.: menstrual cycle supports), unfair competition systems including schedule formats. inhumane treatments to meet fitting competition standards-base (continuously progress) unlike men's soccer competitions. The study sums up that systemic sexual discrimination and gender base violence occur like a vicious cycle affected female soccer players who must be struggling alone for their professional careers. The study also indicates that the Indonesian soccer federation (PSSI) seems having no clear plan or solution such as providing appropriate advocacy strategy in overcoming sexual discrimination and gender base violence for the Indonesian women's soccer players.
Kata Kunci : Seksisme, Diskriminasi seksual, Kekerasan berbasis gender, Pemain Sepak Bola Perempuan Indonesia