Deteksi dan Variasi Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase pada Koleksi Isolat Escherichia coli Balai Veteriner Bukittinggi yang Berasal dari Ayam Broiler

Saisi Purnama Sari, Prof. drh. Widya Asmara, SU., Ph. D; drh. M. Th. Khrisdiana P., M.P., Ph. D

2023 | Tesis | S2 Sain Veteriner

Sesuai dengan Permentan No.413 tahun 1992, makanan yang dikonsumsi masyarakat harus memenuhi persyaratan Aman, Sehat, Utuh dan Halal, termasuk bebas dari bakteri yang membahayakan kesehatan masyarakat. Bakteri yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan salah satu contohnya adalah Escherichia coli penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL). Gen penyandi ESBL terutama CTX-M merupakan penentu resistensi antibiotik utama Enterobactericeae. Prevalensi gen CTX-M bersama varian lain yaitu TEM dan SHV diperkirakan tinggi di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeteksi variasi gen ESBL pada koleksi isolat E. coli Balai Veteriner Bukittinggi tahun 2021 asal feses ayam broiler. Sebanyak 100 isolat E. coli yang sudah dilakukan re-identifikasi dikonfirmasi sifat ESBL melalui Double Disk Sinergy Test sesuai CLSI. Sepuluh (10) isolat yang telah terkonfirmasi ESBL, berdasarkan kemampuannya membentuk Key Hole Effect sempurna dilanjutkan untuk deteksi gen CTX-M, gen TEM dan gen SHV secara molekuler. Hasil DDST menunjukkan sebanyak 78 (78%) isolat terkonfirmasi sebagai E. coli penghasil ESBL. Hasil PCR menunjukkan 10 (100%), 9 (90%) dan 2 (20%) dari 10 isolat E. coli penghasil ESBL memiliki gen CTX-M, gen SHV dan gen TEM secara berurutan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah E. coli penghasil ESBL dan gen CTX-M, gen SHV dan gen TEM ditemukan pada koleksi isolat E. coli Balai Veteriner Bukittinggi yang asal ayam broiler

In accordance with Permentan No. 413 of 1992, the food consumed by the public must meet the requirements of Safe, Healthy, Whole and Halal, including free from public health hazardous bacteria. One of bacteria which can threat human health is Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli. ESBL encoding genes, especially CTX-M, are the main determinants of Enterobacteriaceae antibiotic resistance. The prevalence of the CTX-M gene along with other variants TEM and SHV, is suspected high in Indonesia. Thus, it is necessary to understand the prevalence of ESBL coding genes in Bukittinggi. The purpose of this study was to detect variations in the ESBL gene in the 2021 collection of E. coli isolates from the Disease Investigation Center Bukittinggi from broiler chicken faeces. A total of 100 E. coli isolates that had been re-identified confirmed ESBL properties through the Double Disk Synergy Test according to CLSI. Ten (10) isolates that had been confirmed by ESBL, based on their ability to form perfect Keyhole Effect were continued for molecular detection of CTX-M, TEM and SHV genes. The DDST results showed that 78 (78%) isolates were confirmed as ESBL-producing E. coli. PCR results indicated 10 (100%), 9 (90%) and 2 (20%) out of 10 ESBL-producing E. coli reserve CTX-M gene, SHV gene and TEM gene respectively. To conclude, the ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and CTX-M, SHV and TEM genes were identified in the collection of E. coli isolates from Disease Investigation Center Bukittinggi from broiler chickens

Kata Kunci : Escherichia coli, ESBL, gen CTX-M, gen TEM, gen SHV