Pengaruh Penerapan IDEAL (Include Discuss Educate Assess Listen) Discharge Planning terhadap Self-Management pada Pasien Stroke di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Indy Susanti, Dr. Heny Suseani Pangastuti, S.Kp., M.Kes.; Dr. Akhmadi, S.Kp., M.Kes., M.Kep., Sp.Kep.Kom.
2023 | Tesis | S2 Magister Keperawatan
Latar Belakang: Saat ini, pelaksanaan discharge planning di rumah sakit seringkali
belum optimal dilakukan karena adanya beberapa hambatan, seperti belum tersedianya
standar baku format pendukung discharge planning yang terstruktur dan
terprogram, serta kompleksitas pekerjaan dan keterbatasan waktu profesional
kesehatan yang terlibat. Padahal optimalisasi pelaksanaan discharge
planning melalui supportive
educational system ini diperlukan oleh
profesional kesehatan sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mendukung self-management yang efektif pada pasien stroke.
Tujuan:
Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan IDEAL
discharge planning terhadap self-management pada pasien stroke.
Metode: Jenis penelitian
ini menggunakan quasy experimental dengan pre-test
and post-test non-equivalent control
group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling
terdiri dari
62 responden, meliputi 31 responden kelompok intervensi dan 31 responden kelompok kontrol. Responden
pada kelompok intervensi diberikan perlakuan penerapan IDEAL discharge
planning, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diberikan discharge planning sesuai
standar rumah sakit. Data dikumpulkan dari April hingga Juni 2023 dengan menggunakan
kuesioner serta dianalisis dengan menggunakan paired t-test.
Hasil:
Terdapat peningkatan self-management pada pasien stroke setelah dilakukan intervensi IDEAL
discharge planning (p-value = 0,000). Secara khusus, peningkatan nilai rata-rata self-management
terjadi pada keseluruhan domain, yaitu kapasitas, kepercayaan diri, strategi,
dan bimbingan profesional kesehatan.
Kesimpulan: Penerapan IDEAL discharge planning dapat meningkatkan self-management pada pasien stroke. Strategi ini dapat menjadi salah satu solusi sebagai upaya untuk mendukung self-management pada pasien stroke dalam menghadapi perawatan transisi dan konsekuensi jangka panjang akibat stroke.
Introduction: Currently, the
application of discharge planning in hospitals is often not optimally carried
out because of several obstacles, such as unavailability of standard structured
and programmed discharge planning support formats, complexity of work, and limited
time of health professionals involved. In fact, optimization of the application
discharge planning through a supportive educational system in needed by health
professionals as an effort to support effective self-management in stroke
patients.
Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of implementing IDEAL discharge planning
on self-management in stroke patients.
Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test non-equivalent control group design
involving 62 respondents, allocating each group into the intervention group (n
= 31) and the control group (n = 31). The
sampling technique with purposive
sampling. The intervention group was
given treatment using IDEAL discharge planning, while the control group was
given regular discharge planning following the hospital standards. Data were
collected from April to June 2023 using questionnaires and analyzed using
paired t-test.
Results: There was an increase
in self-management in stroke patients after being given the IDEAL discharge
planning intervention (p-value = 0,000). Specifically, the increase in the average value of self-management occurred
in the entire domain, namely capacity, confidence, strategy, and guidance of health
professionals.
Conclusion: The application of IDEAL discharge planning can improve self-management in stroke patients. This strategy can be a solution to support self-management in stroke patients in facing the transitional care and the long-term consequences of stroke.
Kata Kunci : Discharge planning, self-management, stroke
