Analisis Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Terkait Preventif Covid-19 Terhadap Tenaga Kesehatan Di Puskesmas Tegalrejo Yogyakarta

Kezia Dewi Santoso, Dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA

2023 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar belakang: Tenaga kesehatan menjadi garda depan penanganan Covid-19 sehingga menyebabkan kelompok ini menjadi kelompok rentan. Dalam hal ini diperlukan pedoman pencegahan dan pengendalian Covid-19 bagi petugas kesehatan agar tetap sehat, aman, dan produktif. Pedoman untuk petugas fasilitas kesehatan yang memberikan pelayanan berdampak pada penerapan sistem manajemen dan keselamatan kerja (SMK3). Upaya pencegahan Covid-19 di Indonesia, puskesmas memiliki peran dalam sistem kesehatan nasional. Peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan analisis SMK3 terkait preventif Covid-19 terhadap tenaga kesehatan di Puskesmas Tegalrejo Yogyakarta.

Tujuan: Mengetahui penerapan sistem manajemen kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja di Puskesmas Tegalrejo dalam melakukan tindakan preventif Covid-19 terhadap tenaga kesehatan.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Lokasi penelitian di Puskesmas Tegalrejo Yogyakarta. Informan berjumlah 10 orang yang terdiri dari kepala puskesmas, kepala tata usaha, ketua tim K3, ketua tim PPI, ketua satgas Covid-19, ketua manajemen risiko, 2 orang anggota K3, anggota PPI, dan perawat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen.

Hasil: Penerapan SMK3 di Puskesmas Tegalrejo dilihat berdasarkan peraturan Permenkes no 52 tahun 2018 yaitu penetapan kebijakan, perencanaan K3, pelaksanaan K3, pemantauan dan evaluasi kinerja K3, serta peninjauan dan peningkatan kinerja K3 Puskesmas Tegalrejo. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh pimpinan Puskesmas Tegalrejo agar para petugas dapat mematuhi peraturan pencegahan penularan Covid-19 dengan menerapkan reward and punishment.

Kesimpulan: Tim K3 Puskesmas Tegalrejo dalam melaksanakan penerapan SMK3 untuk melakukan tindakan preventif Covid-19 terhadap tenaga kesehatan sudah berjalan. Strategi yang digunakan untuk membuat para petugas kesehatan mau melakukan tindakan preventif Covid-19 dengan adanya peraturan yang tegas dari Puskesmas dan ketegasan dari Satgas Covid-19.

Kata kunci: Tenaga kesehatan, Covid-19, preventif, SMK3, puskesmas

Background: Health workers are the frontline of the management for Covid-19, which makes this group become vulnerable. In this case, guidelines for the prevention and control Covid-19 for health workers are needed to stay healthy, safe, and productive. Guidelines for health care workers who provide services have an impact on the implementation of the occupational health and safety management system. Covid-19 prevention in Indonesia, health centers have a role in the national health system. Researchers are interested in analyzing occupational health and safety management system related to preventive covid-19 for health workers at the Tegalrejo Health Center, Yogyakarta.

Objective: To determine the implementation of the occupational health and safety management (OHS) system at the Tegalrejo Health Center in carrying out Covid-19 preventive measures against health workers.

Method: This research is a qualitative study using a case study approach. The research location was at the Tegalrejo Health Center in Yogyakarta. There were 10 informants consist of the head of the health center, the head of administration, the head of the OHS team, the head of the infection prevention and control (IPC) team, the head of the Covid-19 task force, the head of risk management, 2 OHS members, IPC member, and nurse. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews, observation, and document review.

Results: The implementation of SMK3 at Tegalrejo Health Center is seen based on Permenkes regulation number 52 year 2018 which are policy setting, OHS planning, OHS implementation, OHS performance monitoring and evaluation, and OHS performance review and improvement. The effort of Tegalrejo Health Center made by the head of Tegalrejo Health Center so that officers can follow the regulations to prevent Covid-19 transmission by implementing rewards and punishments. 

Conclusion: The OHS team of Tegalrejo Health Center in implementing occupational health and safety management system to take Covid-19 preventive actions against health workers has been running. The strategy used to make health workers want to take preventive action against Covid-19 is the existence of strict regulations from health center and the assertiveness of the head of the Covid-19 Task Force.

Keywords: Health workers, Covid-19, preventive, occupational health and safety management system, health center

Kata Kunci : Tenaga kesehatan, Covid-19, preventif, SMK3, puskesmas