HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PENYAKIT TUBERKULOSIS ANAK DENGAN STIGMA GURU SEKOLAH DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

Indrawati, Dr. Fitri Haryanti, S.Kp., M.Kes ; Lely Lusmilasari, S.Kp.,M.Kes.,Ph.D

2023 | Tesis | S2 Magister Keperawatan

Latar Belakang: Guru memiliki pengaruh dalam menyaring dan memberi informasi bagi peserta didiknya. Pengetahuan guru terkait TB memiliki peranan yang besar dalam mengurangi stigma.

 

Tujuan: mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan tentang penyakit TB anak dengan stigma guru sekolah

 

Metode: Penelitian observasional rancangan cross sectional pada 300 guru anak usia sekolah di 4 kecamatan Kota Yogyakarta. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan proportionate stratified random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner telah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis univariat menggunakan chi square dan Fisher test. Analisis multivariat menggunakan analisis regresi logistik.

 

Hasil: Pengetahuan guru tentang penyakit TB secara keseluruhan baik. Akan tetapi, pada domain penularan TB pengetahuan guru masih kurang tepat tentang penyakit TB masih dapat menular setelah pengobatan rutin 6 bulan sebanyak 112 responden guru (37,3%). Stigma guru sekolah tentang penyakit TB secara keseluruhan rendah. Akan tetapi, masih terdapat hampir setengah dari responden guru merasa tidak nya- man berdekatan dengan siswa yang menderita TB (47,3%) dan lebih dari sepertiga guru setuju jika terdapat siswa yang sakit TB, guru akan menjaga jarak selama siswa tersebut bersekolah (43,4%). Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan guru tentang penyakit TB anak dengan kejadian stigma guru sekolah di Kota Yogyakarta (p=0,013). Guru yang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik berpeluang 1,8 kali memiliki stigma yang rendah pada TB anak. Pengetahuan merupakan variabel dominan yang memengaruhi stigma guru sekolah (p = 0,012)

 

Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan guru tentang penyakit TB anak merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi stigma. Semakin baik pengetahuan guru tentang penyakit TB anak maka semakin rendah stigma guru sekolah

 

Background: Teachers have a great influence in filtering and providing information for their students. Teachers' knowledge of TB plays a major role in reducing stigma.

 

Objective: To determine the relationship between knowledge of childhood TB disease and school teachers' stigma.

 

Methods: Observational study of cross sectional design on 300 teachers of school- age children in 4 sub-districts of Yogyakarta City. The sample selection used proportionate stratified random sampling. The instrument used in the form of a questionnaire has been tested for validity and reliability. Univariate analysis used chi square and Fisher test. Multivariate analysis used logistic regression analysis.

 

Results: Teachers' overall knowledge of TB disease was good. However, in the TB transmission domain, teachers' knowledge is still inaccurate about TB disease still being contagious after 6 months of routine treatment as many as 112 teacher respondents (37.3%). School teachers' stigma about TB disease was low overall. However, almost half of the teacher respondents did not feel comfortable around students with TB (47.3%) and more than a third of teachers agreed that if a student was sick with TB, teachers would keep their distance while the student was in school (43.4%). There was an association between teachers' knowledge of childhood TB disease and the incidence of stigma among school teachers in Yogyakarta City (p=0.013). Teachers with good knowledge were 1.8 times more likely to have low stigma in childhood TB. Knowledge was the dominant variable influencing school teachers' stigma (p=0.012).

 

Conclusion: Teachers' knowledge of childhood TB disease is a factor that influences stigma. The better the teacher's knowledge about childhood TB disease, the lower the stigma of school teachers.

Kata Kunci : Childhood tuberculosis, Knowledge, school teachers; stigma